Robotic-Arm Assisted Technology's Impact on Knee Arthroplasty and Associated Healthcare Costs.

The number of total knee arthroplasties (TKA) carried out globally is expected to substantially rise in the coming decades. Consequently, focus has been increasing on improving surgical techniques and minimizing expenses. Robotic arm-assisted knee arthroplasty has garnered interest to reduce surgical errors and improve precision.

Feasibility study of a health coaching intervention to improve contraceptive continuation in adolescent and young adult women in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Introduction: Few interventions to improve contraceptive continuation are tailored to meet the developmental needs of young women under age 25 years. The Health Coaching for Contraceptive Continuation (HC3) intervention was designed to address this gap. In this special report, we describe the rationale for using health coaching, conceptual framework, intervention processes, and findings from a single-arm feasibility study of the intervention protocol.

Evaluating Precision of a Trachomatous Trichiasis (TT) Super Survey with Modulating Sample Sizes in Tanzania.

As trachoma programs move towards eliminating trachoma as a public health problem, the number of surveys necessary to evaluate the status of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) increases. Currently, the World Health Organization endorses a district-level population-based prevalence survey for trachoma that involves a two-stage cluster design. We explored the validity of implementing this survey design in larger geographic areas to gain cost efficiencies.

The Timing of Obesity Matters: Associations Between Current Versus Chronic Obesity since Adolescence and Romantic Relationship Satisfaction Among Young Adult Women.

Background: Although the social consequences of obesity for women are well-documented, its stigmatizing effect on romantic relationships across the life course has seldom been explored. We examined whether having current or chronic obesity since adolescence is associated with romantic relationship satisfaction among women in early adulthood.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.

Relationships between Pacific salmon and aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems: implications for ecosystem-based management.

Pacific salmon influence temperate terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems through the dispersal of marine-derived nutrients and ecosystem engineering of stream beds when spawning. They also support large fisheries, particularly along the west coast of North America. We provide a comprehensive synthesis of relationships between the densities of Pacific salmon and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, summarize the direction, shape, and magnitude of these relationships, and identify possible ecosystem-based management indicators and benchmarks.

Pre-operative trichiatic eyelash pattern predicts post-operative trachomatous trichiasis.

Importance: Trichiasis surgery programs globally have faced high rates of poor surgical outcomes. Identifying correctable risk factors for improving long-term outcomes is essential for countries targeting elimination of trachoma as a public health problem.

Objective: To determine whether the location of trichiatic eyelashes prior to surgery influences development of post-operative trichiasis (PTT) within two years after surgery.

Follow-Up Care and 6-Month Continuation Rates for Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Study Objective: Describe follow-up care patterns and continuation rates during the first 6 months after initiating a long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) device among adolescent and young adult women.

Design: Retrospective chart review among patients who had an intrauterine device (IUD) or subdermal implant placed between January 2015 and December 2016.

Setting: Urban adolescent specialty care clinic.

Why do patients refuse trichiasis surgery? Lessons and an education initiative from Mtwara Region, Tanzania.

Background: Trachomatous trichiasis is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide. A relatively simple surgery can spare vision. Although this surgery is usually performed free of charge in endemic regions, multiple studies indicate that surgical refusal is common.

Satisfaction With the Intrauterine Device Insertion Procedure Among Adolescent and Young Adult Women.

Objective: To evaluate satisfaction with intrauterine device (IUD) insertion procedures among adolescent and young adult women.

Methods: This secondary analysis of data from a multisite, single-blind, sham-controlled randomized trial of women having a levonorgestrel 13.5-mg IUD inserted enrolled participants from March 2015 through July 2016 at three family planning clinics in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Dynamic Production System Identification for Smart Manufacturing Systems.

This paper presents a methodology, called production system identification, to produce a model of a manufacturing system from logs of the system's operation. The model produced is intended to aid in making production scheduling decisions. Production system identification is similar to machine-learning methods of process mining in that they both use logs of operations.

Reducing Pain During Intrauterine Device Insertion: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Adolescents and Young Women.

Objective: To estimate the effect of a 1% lidocaine paracervical nerve block on pain during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion compared with a sham block in adolescents and young women.

Methods: We conducted a multisite, single-blind, sham-controlled randomized trial in adolescents and young women having a 13.5-mg levonorgestrel IUD inserted.

Corneal Sensitivity and Presence of Pathogenic Organisms Among Participants Who Have Undergone Trichiasis Surgery Differ by Surgical Outcome.

Purpose: To explore the potential association between reduced corneal sensation and/or conjunctival bacterial colonization and postoperative trichiasis and eyelid contour abnormalities after corrective eyelid surgery among participants with a history of trachomatous trichiasis.

Methods: As an ancillary study to the Partnership for Rapid Elimination of Trachoma (PRET) Surgery Trial in southern Tanzania, we collected data on 580 PRET participants who had undergone trichiasis surgery 1 year earlier and 200 age-group-matched individuals without trichiasis. Assessments included eyelid status evaluation (presence and severity of postoperative trichiasis and/or eyelid contour abnormality), corneal sensitivity by Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer, a questionnaire on symptoms of ocular irritation, and conjunctival microbiology.

Laterality effects in cross-modal affective priming.

The present study pursued M. P. Bryden's legacy by investigating how contextual factors can affect laterality effects.

Patients' Perceptions of Trichiasis Surgery: Results from the Partnership for Rapid Elimination of Trachoma (PRET) Surgery Clinical Trial.

Purpose: While quality of life surveys have been conducted in trachomatous trichiasis (TT) surgery populations, little is known about patients' perceptions of the surgical experience and outcomes.

Methods: We interviewed a subset of Partnership for the Rapid Elimination of Trachoma (PRET) surgery trial participants 24 months after surgery. Questions focused on current ocular symptoms, perceived daily functioning, physical appearance, and overall perception of surgery.

Response procedure, memory, and dichotic emotion recognition.

Three experiments investigated the role of memory and rehearsal in a dichotic emotion recognition task by manipulating the response procedure as well as the interval between encoding and retrieval while taking into account order of report. For all experiments, right-handed undergraduates were presented with dichotic pairs of the words bower, dower, power, and tower pronounced in a sad, angry, happy, or neutral tone of voice. Participants were asked to report the two emotions presented on each trial by clicking on the corresponding drawings or words on a computer screen, either following no delay or a five second delay.

Trachomatous trichiasis clamp vs standard bilamellar tarsal rotation instrumentation for trichiasis surgery: results of a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To determine whether a new surgical clamp reduces unfavorable postoperative outcomes.

Methods: Patients with trachomatous trichiasis (TT) were randomized to surgery with standard bilamellar tarsal rotation (BLTR) instrumentation or the TT clamp and were followed up for 2 years.

Main Outcome Measures: Postoperative TT, pyogenic granuloma formation, and eyelid contour abnormalities, combined and individually.

Relationship between immediate post-operative appearance and 6-week operative outcome in trichiasis surgery.

Background: Surgical technique, including suture placement and tension, is believed to contribute to the outcome of bilamellar tarsal rotation surgery for trachomatous trichiasis. However, the immediate post-operative appearance that minimizes the chance of recurrence and other adverse outcomes has not been investigated.

Methodology/principal Findings: To explore whether the degree of correction immediately after surgery is predictive of surgical outcome at the 6-week post-operative visit, photographs taken immediately after surgery were used to predict surgical outcomes, including the severity of eyelid contour abnormality and trichiasis recurrence.

Definitions and standardization of a new grading scheme for eyelid contour abnormalities after trichiasis surgery.

Background: Clear definitions of outcomes following trichiasis surgery are critical for planning program evaluations and for identifying ways to improve trichiasis surgery. Eyelid contour abnormality is an important adverse outcome of surgery; however, no standard method has been described to categorize eyelid contour abnormalities.

Methodology/principal Findings: A classification system for eyelid contour abnormalities following surgery for trachomatous trichiasis was developed.