Survival by sex and HIV status in patients with anal cancer in the USA between 2001 and 2019: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The risk of anal cancer is increased among people with HIV, particularly men who have sex with men. Estimating survival by HIV status and sex and identifying groups at high risk is crucial for documenting prognostic differences between populations. We aimed to compare all-cause and anal cancer-specific survival in patients with anal cancer with and without HIV, stratified by sex, and to identify predictors of survival, stratified by HIV status.

Racial disparities in mortality outcomes among women diagnosed with breast cancer in Maryland: Impact of cardiovascular disease and clinical characteristics.

Background: Although racial disparities in breast cancer (BC) mortality have been well documented in the United States, little is known about the impact of coexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other clinical factors on Black-White survival disparities after the diagnosis of BC. This study examined the associations of race, CVD, and clinical factors at diagnosis with the hazard of BC and CVD-related mortality among patients with BC identified from the Maryland Cancer Registry.

Methods: A total of 36,088 women (25,181 Whites and 10,907 Blacks) diagnosed with incident invasive BC between 2007 and 2017 were included.

Racialized Economic Segregation and Breast Cancer Mortality among Women in Maryland.

Background: Our objective was to determine the association between racialized economic segregation and the hazard of breast cancer mortality in Maryland.

Methods: Among 35,066 women (24,540 White; 10,526 Black) diagnosed with incident invasive breast cancer in Maryland during 2007 to 2017, exposure to racialized economic segregation was measured at the census tract level using Index of Concentration at the Extremes metrics. HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression for the association between racialized economic segregation and the hazard of breast cancer mortality, accounting for clustering at the census tract level.

A spatiotemporal analysis of invasive cervical cancer incidence in the state of Maryland between 2003 and 2012.

Purpose: Invasive cervical cancer (ICC) rates have tremendously declined in the United States, yet new cases consistently occur in Maryland and throughout the United States. We hypothesized that although rates have generally declined, this decline is uneven across counties and over time.

Methods: Space-time cluster detection analysis was conducted to evaluate clusters of ICC incidence at the county level within Maryland between 2003 and 2012.

Effect of black tea intake on blood cholesterol concentrations in individuals with mild hypercholesterolemia: a diet-controlled randomized trial.

Habitual intake of black tea has been associated with relatively lower serum cholesterol concentrations in observational studies. However, clinical trial results evaluating the effects of black tea on serum cholesterol have been inconsistent. Several factors could explain these mixed results, in particular, uncontrolled confounding caused by lifestyle factors (eg, diet).

Factors associated with paraoxonase genotypes and activity in a diverse, young, healthy population: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Background: Paraoxonase may mitigate oxidative damage and thus lower risk of macrovascular disease.

Methods: DNA samples from 2252 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study were genotyped for the L55M and Q192R polymorphisms of the PON1 (paraoxonase 1) gene, and paraoxonase activity was measured in serum.

Results: The 192R (67.

Association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and the incidence of lung cancer in the Iowa women's health study.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that use of aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be associated with reduced risk of lung cancer, but the data are inconsistent and are limited particularly with respect to the effects of aspirin, separate from other NSAIDs.

Methods: The Iowa Women's Health Study is a prospective cohort of 41,836 Iowa women ages 55 to 69 years old at baseline in 1986. NSAID use was assessed in 1992.