Conflicts of Interest in Bronchoscopy Research: Is Self-Reporting Sufficient?

Background: Robotic assisted bronchoscopy has been enthusiastically adopted in the United States and has transformed the treatment of patients with indeterminate pulmonary nodules. Unprecedented industry investments in research, development, and marketing have profoundly affected the bronchoscopy landscape, leading to concerns that conflicts of interest could influence the validity of bronchoscopy studies. Disclosures of conflicts of interest in research are predicated on open and transparent self-reporting.

Isohemagglutinin titration in pooled and apheresis platelets.

Background: Platelet inventory constraints necessitate ABO-incompatible platelet transfusion. Many minimize the hemolytic impact by confirming low titre (LT) donor isohemagglutinins. This process is costly.

Association of patient-reported outcome measures with lung function and mortality in fibrotic interstitial lung disease: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) may provide clinicians and researchers with direct insights into disease impact and patient well-being. We assessed whether selected PROMs and their domains are associated with baseline and longitudinal changes in lung function and can predict mortality in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (f-ILD).

Methods: A single-centre prospective study of adult patients with f-ILD enrolled over 3 years was conducted assessing baseline and short-term changes in PROMs.

Evaluating The Real Cost Digital and Social Media Campaign: Longitudinal Effects of Campaign Exposure on E-cigarette Beliefs.

Introduction: Over the past decade, youth e-cigarette use has risen exponentially. At the same time, digital media use increased markedly while the use of traditional broadcast TV declined. In response, the U.

Leveraging multisource feedback to address diversity, equity, and inclusivity.

Multisource feedback has long been a recommended tool to assess clinical competencies within graduate medical education. Additionally, incorporating feedback supplied by patients and other members of the healthcare team can provide the framework to bridge perspectives and viewpoints that may be different from their own. This, in effect, can aid in fortifying values in diversity, equity, and inclusivity by developing more knowledgeable, empathetic, and respectful future healthcare providers.

Decision-Making for Hospitalized Incarcerated Patients Lacking Decisional Capacity.

Importance: Incarcerated patients admitted to the hospital face threats to their rights to privacy and self-determination in medical decision-making. Little is known about medical decision-making processes for hospitalized incarcerated persons who lack decisional capacity.

Objective: To characterize the prevalence of incapacity among hospitalized incarcerated patients and describe the decision-making processes, including who served as surrogate decision-makers, involvement of prison employees in medical decisions, and ethical concerns emerging from the patients' care.

Evaluation of automated sample preparation system for lymph node sampling.

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine needle aspiration (EBUS-FNA) has revolutionized the diagnostic and staging approach to non-small cell carcinoma and thoracic lymphadenopathy. However, obstacles to efficacy of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of the samples include variability in sample quality and slow and cumbersome process in the procedure room leading to extended procedure time. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and specimen quality of lymph node biopsies prepared through a novel automated system for automated fixation, drying and staining compared to standard slide preparation method.

Robotic bronchoscopy: potential in diagnosing and treating lung cancer.

Introduction: Lung cancer remains the deadliest form of cancer in the world. Screening through low-dose CT scans has shown improved detection of pulmonary nodules; however, with the introduction of robotic bronchoscopy, accessing and biopsying peripheral pulmonary nodules from the airway has expanded. Improved diagnostic yield through enhanced navigation has made robotic bronchoscopy an ideal diagnostic technology for many proceduralists.

Enhancing Nodule Biopsy Through Technology Integration.

Technology in navigating to peripheral pulmonary nodules has improved in recent years. The recent integration of a robotic platform using shape-sensing technology and mobile cone-beam computed tomography imaging technology has enhanced confidence in sampling lesions with intraprocedural imaging by complimenting the pre-planned navigation to peripheral pulmonary nodules. We present 2 cases using the software integration that improved the robotic catheter positioning to allow for diagnostic specimens to be obtained in the initial biopsies.

Combined portable cone beam computed tomography and robotic-assisted bronchoscopy impacting diagnosis of a solitary pulmonary nodule: a case report.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men and women throughout the world. Historically, bronchoscopy played a limited role in pulmonary nodule management due to a limited diagnostic accuracy. With the emergence of robotic bronchoscopy, proceduralists can now navigate to more peripheral lesions completely extrinsic to the airways with increased diagnostic yield.

Combining Shape-Sensing Robotic Bronchoscopy With Mobile Three-Dimensional Imaging to Verify Tool-in-Lesion and Overcome Divergence: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To determine whether CT-to-body divergence can be overcome to improve the diagnostic yield of peripheral pulmonary nodules with the combination of shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (SSRAB) and portable 3-dimensional (3D) imaging.

Patients And Methods: A single-center, prospective, pilot study was conducted from February 9, 2021, to August 4, 2021, to evaluate the combined use of SSRAB and portable 3D imaging to visualize tool-in-lesion as a correlate to diagnostic yield.

Results: Thirty lesions were subjected to biopsy in 17 men (56.

Effects of a National Campaign on Youth Beliefs and Perceptions About Electronic Cigarettes and Smoking.

Introduction: Our study assesses the relationship between the exposure of youth to the US Food and Drug Administration's national tobacco public education campaign, The Real Cost, and changes in campaign-focused risk perceptions and beliefs.

Methods: A nationally representative cohort study of youth was conducted from June 2018 to July 2019, consisting of a baseline and one follow-up survey. We performed logistic regressions to examine the association between campaign exposure and beliefs.

Estimating the return on investment of the Bureau of Tobacco Free Florida tobacco control programme from 1999 to 2015.

Objective: To assess the return on investment (ROI) of the Florida tobacco control programme, the Bureau of Tobacco Free Florida (BTFF), in terms of healthcare expenditure savings and mortality cost saved as a result of reduced mortality due to the programme from 1999 to 2015.

Methods: We use a synthetic control method to estimate the impact of the BTFF on smoking-attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLL), healthcare expenditures, and the economic value of premature mortality due to smoking in Florida from 1999 through 2015. We calculated an ROI for healthcare expenditures and for the value of life years saved.

Perceived Message Effectiveness and Campaign-Targeted Beliefs: Evidence of Reciprocal Effects in Youth Tobacco Prevention.

Perceived message effectiveness (PE) has been widely used in campaign formative research and evaluation. The relationship between PE and actual message effectiveness (AE) is often assumed to be causal and unidirectional, but careful conceptualization and empirical testing of this and other causal possibilities are generally lacking. In this study, we investigated the potential reciprocity in the relationship between PE and AE in the context of a national youth tobacco education campaign.

Effect of a Statewide Media Campaign on Smoking Cessation Among Florida Adults.

Introduction: Since December 2010, Florida's Bureau of Tobacco Free Florida has aired a statewide tobacco education campaign to encourage smoking cessation. The Tobacco Free Florida campaign consists of evidence-based advertisements primarily characterized by strong emotional content and graphic imagery designed to increase awareness of the health risks of tobacco use. We evaluated the effect of the media campaign on population-level quit attempts by using a statewide representative sample of Florida adults aged 18 or older.

Impact of The Real Cost Media Campaign on Youth Smoking Initiation.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between youth exposure to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's national tobacco public education campaign, The Real Cost, and changes in smoking initiation.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of The Real Cost Campaign's Effect on Smoking Prevention.

Introduction: A previous study found that the Food and Drug Administration's The Real Cost national tobacco education campaign was associated with preventing approximately 350,000 U.S. youth from initiating smoking between 2014 and 2016.

Impact of the Tips From Former Smokers Campaign on Population-Level Smoking Cessation, 2012-2015.

This study provides estimates of the long-term cumulative impact of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's national tobacco education campaign, Tips From Former Smokers (Tips), on population-level smoking cessation. We used recently published estimates of the association between increased Tips campaign media doses and quit attempts to calculate campaign-attributable population sustained (6-month) quits during 2012-2015. Tips led to approximately 522,000 sustained quits during 2012-2015.

Examining Youth Dual and Polytobacco Use with E-Cigarettes.

E-cigarettes and other non-cigarette tobacco products are increasingly popular among youth. Little is known to inform public health efforts to reduce youth use. We examined psychosocial correlates of single and multiple tobacco product use among youth e-cigarette users.

Perceptions of the relative harmfulness of marijuana and alcohol among adults in Oregon.

This study documents perceptions of the relative harmfulness of marijuana and alcohol to a person's health among adults in Oregon just before the first legal sales of marijuana for recreational use. We surveyed 1941 adults in Oregon in September 2015. Respondents were recruited using an address-based sampling (ABS) frame (n = 1314) and social media advertising (n = 627).

Effect of a National Tobacco Public Education Campaign on Youth's Risk Perceptions and Beliefs About Smoking.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between youth's exposure to the Food and Drug Administration's national tobacco public education campaign, The Real Cost, and changes in campaign-targeted beliefs.

Design: Longitudinal design with baseline survey and 2 postcampaign follow-up surveys.

Sample: Youth from 75 US media markets (N = 1680) who completed all 3 surveys and had experimented with or were susceptible to future cigarette smoking.

New product trial, use of edibles, and unexpected highs among marijuana and hashish users in Colorado.

Objective: This study examines the relationships between trial of new marijuana or hashish products and unexpected highs, and use of edible products and unexpected highs.

Methods: We conducted an online survey of 634 adult, past-year marijuana users in Colorado. We used logistic regression models to examine the relationship between new product trial or edible use and unexpected highs.