Fluid modernities: the birthing pool in late twentieth-century Britain.

Birthing pools are a common feature of maternity units across Europe and North America, and in home birth practice. Despite their prevalence and popularity, these blue or white, often bulky plastic objects have received minimal empirical or theoretical analysis. This article attends to the emergence, design and meaning of such birthing pools, with a focus on the UK in the 1980s and 1990s.

Two cases of imported respiratory diphtheria in Edinburgh, Scotland, October 2019.

We report two cases of respiratory toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection in fully vaccinated UK born adults following travel to Tunisia in October 2019. Both patients were successfully treated with antibiotics and neither received diphtheria antitoxin. Contact tracing was performed following a risk assessment but no additional cases were identified.

Sources and Resources'The NHS … Should not be Condemned to the History Books': Public Engagement as a Method in Social Histories of Medicine.

This article explores the public engagement work of the Cultural History of the National Health Service (NHS) project, conducted at the University of Warwick between 2016 and 2019 and aiming to explore the meanings attached to Britain's NHS over its 70-year history. The article situates public engagement as a critical methodology for social historians of medicine, exploring how events deepened this project's understandings of post-war welfare, childhood treatments and activist cultures. Through reflection on these themes, the article emphasises that public engagement can generate rich new forms of qualitative testimony, complementing archival documents; point us towards 'hidden archives'; and challenge cultural visions of historical research as 'condemning' or 'celebrating' its subjects.

'Save our NHS': activism, information-based expertise and the 'new times' of the 1980s.

This article examines activism in defence of the National Health Service (NHS), which emerges in the 1960s to defend local hospitals from closure. From the mid-1980s, a new form of campaigning developed, which sought to protect the Service nationally. Tracing this campaigning illuminates, first, that small groups played a significant role in negotiating political change, and in contributing to cultural change which, in turn, has become politically powerful.

Why the history of public consultation matters for contemporary health policy.

Contemporary policy debates construct public involvement in England's National Health Service as "new," or as a practice dating back only as far as the 1990s. This article argues that the longer historical contexts of such consultative practice matter, and it explores various and shifting manifestations of "consultation" in the NHS from the foundation of the Service in 1948. In doing so, it first demonstrates that consultation has always been a part of the theory and practice of postwar health policy.

'The bones tell a story the child is too young or too frightened to tell': The Battered Child Syndrome in Post-war Britain and America.

This article traces the emergence of child abuse as a medical concern in post-war Britain and America. In the early 1960s American paediatricians and radiologists defined the 'battered child syndrome' to characterise infants subjected to serious physical abuse. In the British context, paediatricians and radiologists, but also dermatologists and ophthalmologists, drew upon this work and sought to identify clear diagnostic signs of child maltreatment.

Painful Times: The Emergence and Campaigning of Parents Against Injustice in 1980s Britain.

In July 1985 Steve and Susan Amphlett established Parents Against Injustice (PAIN) to support and represent parents falsely accused of child abuse. The Amphletts ran the organization from their own home, and struggled to gain funding, before closing PAIN in 1999. PAIN was to an extent a reflection of the 'new politics' of identity and lifestyle, concurrent with the rise of New Social Movements, as falsely accused parents utilized communication technologies to make their experiences public, and to contact and support one another.

Hydration of Cuphea seeds containing crystallised triacylglycerols.

Seeds that exhibit intermediate storage behaviour seem to die under conventional -18°C storage conditions. Cuphea wrightii A. Gray, C.

Tcof1/Treacle is required for neural crest cell formation and proliferation deficiencies that cause craniofacial abnormalities.

Neural crest cells are a migratory cell population that give rise to the majority of the cartilage, bone, connective tissue, and sensory ganglia in the head. Abnormalities in the formation, proliferation, migration, and differentiation phases of the neural crest cell life cycle can lead to craniofacial malformations, which constitute one-third of all congenital birth defects. Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is characterized by hypoplasia of the facial bones, cleft palate, and middle and external ear defects.

Neural crest stem and progenitor cells.

Neural crest cells are a multipotent, migratory cell population that generates an astonishingly diverse array of cell types during vertebrate development. These include bones; tendons; neurons; glia; melanocytes; and connective, endocrine, and adipose tissue. With a limited capacity for self-renewal and a wide range of differentiation fates, neural crest cells bear many of the hallmarks of stem cells and persist throughout embryonic and adult development.

Massive cellular disruption occurs during early imbibition of Cuphea seeds containing crystallized triacylglycerols.

The transition from anhydrobiotic to hydrated state occurs during early imbibition of seeds and is lethal if lipid reserves in seeds are crystalline. Low temperatures crystallize lipids during seed storage. We examine the nature of cellular damage observed in seeds of Cuphea wrightii and C.

Sub-chronic antipsychotic drug treatment does not alter brain phospholipid fatty acid composition in rats.

Altered membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition is reported in schizophrenia and appears to be reduced by antipsychotic drug treatment. To determine whether antipsychotic drugs have a direct effect on brain phospholipid fatty acid composition, the effects of sub-chronic treatment with a "typical" and an "atypical" antipsychotic drug were determined in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were treated with haloperidol (1 mg/kg), clozapine (20 mg/kg) or vehicle daily for 21 days.

Triacylglycerol phase and 'intermediate' seed storage physiology: a study of Cuphea carthagenensis.

Seeds with 'intermediate' storage physiology store poorly under cold and dry conditions. We tested whether the poor shelf life can be attributed to triacylglycerol phase changes using Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) seeds.

Triacylglycerols determine the unusual storage physiology of Cuphea seed.

Many species within the genus Cuphea (Lythraceae) produce seed with high levels of medium-chain fatty acids. Seeds of some Cuphea species lose viability when placed into storage at -18 degrees C. These species tolerate significant drying to 0.