Some Perceptions Differ, Match Outcomes Do Not: A Multisite Retrospective Cross-Sectional Comparison of Virtual vs. In-Person Recruitment.

Background: Virtual interviewing for residency provides considerable savings. Its impact on match outcomes remains unclear.

Objective: Evaluate the impact of virtual residency recruitment on program and applicant assessment and match outcomes.

Residency and Fellowship Program Leaders' Perceptions of Virtual Recruitment and Interviewing.

Background: Virtual recruitment is a new and more cost-effective alternative to traditional in-person recruitment in academic medicine. However, little is known about the perceived repercussions of the switch across a variety of training settings.

Objective: To describe the perceptions of graduate medical education program leaders about virtual matching and preferred format for future recruitment within an integrated health care delivery system sponsoring residency and fellowship programs at both university- and community-based primary teaching sites.

The Effect of Geographic Cohorting of Inpatient Teaching Services on Patient Outcomes and Resident Experience.

Background: Geographic cohorting is a hospital admission structure in which every patient on a given physician team is admitted to a dedicated hospital unit. Little is known about the long-term impact of this admission structure on patient outcomes and resident satisfaction.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of geographic cohorting on patient outcomes and resident satisfaction among inpatient internal medicine teaching services within an academic hospital.

Establishing Competencies for Leadership Development for Postgraduate Internal Medicine Residents.

Background: Although graduate medical education accrediting bodies recognize the importance of leadership for residents and encourage curricular development, it remains unclear which competencies are most important for early career physicians to possess.

Objective: To generate a prioritized list of essential postgraduate leadership competencies to inform best practices for future curricular development.

Methods: In 2019, we used a Delphi approach, which allows for generation of consensus, to survey internal medicine (IM) physicians in leadership roles with expertise in medical education and/or leadership programming within national professional societies.

Mentorship of Underrepresented Physicians and Trainees in Academic Medicine: a Systematic Review.

Background: Though the USA is becoming increasingly diverse, the physician workforce contains a disproportionately low number of physicians from racial and ethnic groups that are described as underrepresented in medicine (URiM). Mentorship has been proposed as one way to improve the retention and experiences of URiM physicians and trainees. The objective of this systematic review was to identify and describe mentoring programs for URiM physicians in academic medicine and to describe important themes from existing literature that can aid in the development of URiM mentorship programs.

A Resident-Authored, Case-Based Electrocardiogram Email Curriculum for Internal Medicine Residents.

Introduction: The interpretation of electrocardiograms (ECGs) is a critical competency for internal medicine trainees, yet time and resources to foster proficiency are limited.

Methods: This resident-authored ECG email curriculum for first-year residents involved 129 first-year internal medicine residents at three major academic university hospitals. Residents either received the resident-authored ECG email curriculum (intervention group) or continued standard training (control group).

Comparing Specialty and Primary Palliative Care Interventions: Analysis of a Systematic Review.

Investigators have tested interventions delivered by specialty palliative care (SPC) clinicians, or by clinicians without palliative care specialization (primary palliative care, PPC). To compare the characteristics and outcomes of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of SPC and PPC interventions. Systematic review secondary analysis.

Mentorship of US Medical Students: a Systematic Review.

Background: Mentoring of medical students remains a core pillar of medical education, yet the changing landscape of medicine has called for new and innovative mentoring models to guide students in professional development, career placement, and overall student well-being. The objective of this review is to identify and describe models of mentorship for US medical students.

Methods: We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Education Resources Information Center, and Cochrane Databases of Systematic Reviews following PRISMA guidelines.

Mentorship of Women in Academic Medicine: a Systematic Review.

Background: Women remain underrepresented in academic medicine, particularly in leadership positions. This lack of women in leadership has been shown to have negative implications for both patient care and educational outcomes. Similarly, the literature demonstrates that female physicians are less likely to have mentors, despite the proven benefits of mentorship for career advancement.

A Brief Communication Curriculum Improves Resident and Nurse Communication Skills and Patient Satisfaction.

Background: Despite the ever-expanding role that the patient experience plays in healthcare, effective strategies proven to increase patient satisfaction ratings remain scarce. At the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, we identified patient-doctor and patient-nurse communication as an area for intervention to improve suboptimal patient satisfaction among medicine inpatients. We posited that the likely reasons for underperformance in this area were a lack of adequate training in bedside communication skills.

Health Literacy and Clear Bedside Communication: A Curricular Intervention for Internal Medicine Physicians and Medicine Nurses.

Introduction: Communication remains the backbone of patient-provider relationships, and many health outcomes have been directly attributed to both effective and ineffective communication. We developed an educational intervention to improve bedside communication and increase use of health literacy principles, in part as a response to suboptimal inpatient satisfaction scores.

Methods: Our intervention consisted of a beside communication curriculum among 37 attending medicine physicians, 76 internal medicine residents, and 85 bedside nurses.

Comparison of Palliative Care Interventions for Cancer versus Heart Failure Patients: A Secondary Analysis of a Systematic Review.

In 2016, Kavalieratos and colleagues performed a systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of palliative care (PC) interventions. The majority of RCTs included focused on oncology, with fewer in heart failure (HF). Cancer patients' often predictable decline differs from the variable illness trajectories of HF; however, both groups experience similar palliative needs, and accordingly, PC in HF continues to grow.

A Systematic Review of Gender-Based Differences in Hirsch Index Among Academic Surgeons.

Background: The h-index is a commonly used bibliometric in academic medicine which enumerates the number of publications (h) that have been cited h times. Recent investigations have suggested that gender-based differences in h-index may exist among academic physicians. We systematically reviewed studies of academic surgeons' h-index, hypothesizing that a significant difference would exist between the h-index of men and women at all academic ranks.

Effect of Lactation on Maternal Hypertension: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Hypertension is relatively common in pregnancy, and pregnancy may unmask hypertension among women who are predisposed to it. Lactation may be a means through which to mitigate pregnancy-related vascular risk. The impact of lactation on maternal blood pressure, and the duration of any effect, remains unclear.

Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections After Cervical Cancer Screening Guideline and Medicaid Policy Changes: A Population-based Analysis.

Background: Sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening prevents complications and is cost-effective. Annual screening is recommended in sexually active women below 25 years and older women at increased risk. Cervical cancer (CC) screening guideline changes in 2009 and 2012 recommended less frequent screening, causing concern that STI screening would decrease.

Cervical Cancer Screening Guideline Adherence Before and After Guideline Changes in Pennsylvania Medicaid.

Objective: To assess changes in cervical cancer screening after the 2009 American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' guideline change and to determine predictors associated with underscreening and overscreening among Medicaid-enrolled women.

Methods: We performed an observational cohort study of Pennsylvania Medicaid claims from 2007 to 2013. We evaluated guideline adherence of 18- to 64-year-old continuously enrolled women before and after the 2009 guideline change.

Association Between Palliative Care and Patient and Caregiver Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: The use of palliative care programs and the number of trials assessing their effectiveness have increased.

Objective: To determine the association of palliative care with quality of life (QOL), symptom burden, survival, and other outcomes for people with life-limiting illness and for their caregivers.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL to July 2016.

Counseling About the Maternal Health Benefits of Breastfeeding and Mothers' Intentions to Breastfeed.

Objectives To evaluate the impact of counseling regarding the maternal health effects of lactation on pregnant women's intentions to breastfeed. Methods Women seeking prenatal care at an urban university hospital completed surveys before and after receiving a 5-min counseling intervention regarding the maternal health effects of breastfeeding. The counseling was delivered by student volunteers using a script and one-page infographic.

Lactation and Maternal Cardio-Metabolic Health.

Researchers hypothesize that pregnancy and lactation are part of a continuum, with lactation meant to "reset" the adverse metabolic profile that develops as a part of normal pregnancy, and that when lactation does not occur, women maintain an elevated risk of cardio-metabolic diseases. Several large prospective and retrospective studies, mostly from the United States and other industrialized countries, have examined the associations between lactation and cardio-metabolic outcomes. Less evidence exists regarding an association of lactation with maternal postpartum weight status and dyslipidemia, whereas more evidence exists for an association with diabetes, hypertension, and subclinical and clinical cardiovascular disease.

Racial and Ethnic Health Care Disparities Among Women in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System: A Systematic Review.

Background: Women are a rapidly growing segment of patients who seek care in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System, yet many questions regarding their health care experiences and outcomes remain unanswered. Racial and ethnic disparities have been well-documented in the general population and among veterans; however, prior disparities research conducted in the VA focused primarily on male veterans. We sought to characterize the findings and gaps in the literature on racial and ethnic disparities among women using the VA.

An Effective Multimodal Curriculum to Teach Internal Medicine Residents Evidence-Based Breast Health.

Background: Breast health is an area fraught with controversy and missed opportunities to meet women's needs, and the state of internal medicine residency training in this area is inadequate.

Objective: Our objective was to develop, implement, and evaluate a curriculum to equip internal medicine residents with the knowledge and skills to deliver high-quality, comprehensive breast health care.

Methods: We developed a 4-hour curriculum for internal medicine interns.