Urinary findings in a 12-year-old child, a rare case of Follicular Cystitis.

Follicular cystitis (FC) is a chronic form of cystitis with uncertain etiology, characterized by the presence of lymphoid follicles in the bladder mucosa as a result of chronic irritation. This can be caused by various factors such as prolonged catheterization, lithiasis, recurrent urinary tract infections or neoplastic bladder pathology. Although it is a rare pathology, it is mainly seen in women over 50 years of age and manifests with nonspecific urinary symptoms such as dysuria, pollakiuria, haematuria and suprapubic pain.

Distinct Laboratory and Clinical Features of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Pediatric Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Retrospective Analysis of 127 Children in Andalusia, Spain (2004-2019).

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an endemic in Southern Europe. However, details regarding disease burden, clinical presentations, laboratory markers, management and outcome in children are scarce.

Methods: Medical records of children (<14 years) admitted with VL to 10 pediatric units in Andalusia (2004-2019) were retrospectively reviewed.