A call for research to address the threat of paper mills.

Research paper mills are covert organizations that provide low-quality or fabricated manuscripts to paying clients. As members of the United2Act Research Working Group, we propose 5 key research questions on paper mills that require resourcing and support.

Treatment Intensification With Either Fludarabine, AraC, G-CSF and Idarubicin, or Cladribine Plus Daunorubicin and AraC on the Basis of Residual Disease Status in Older Patients With AML: Results From the NCRI AML18 Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the survival benefit of chemotherapy intensification in older patients with AML who have not achieved a measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative remission.

Methods: Five hundred twenty-three patients with AML (median age, 67 years; range, 51-79) without a flow cytometric MRD-negative remission response after a first course of daunorubicin and AraC (DA; including 165 not in remission) were randomly assigned between up to two further courses of DA or intensified chemotherapy-either fludarabine, cytarabine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and idarubicin (FLAG-Ida) or DA with cladribine (DAC).

Results: Overall survival (OS) was not improved in the intensification arms (DAC DA: hazard ratio [HR], 0.

Satisfactory outcomes following a second autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma in poor stem cell mobilizers: a retrospective study on behalf of the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT.

Autologous hematopoietic cell transplants (auto-HCTs) remain the standard of care for transplant-eligible MM patients. The general practice has been to undergo upfront apheresis following induction to collect sufficient number of CD34+ cells to facilitate two auto-HCTs. However, 5-30% of MM patients do not initially mobilise a sufficient number of hematopoietic stem cells and are classified as poor mobilizers (PM).

The research literature is an unsafe workplace.

Research is conducted in workplaces that can present safety hazards. Where researchers work in laboratories, safety hazards can arise through the need to operate complex equipment that can become unsafe if faulty or broken. The research literature also represents a workplace for millions of scientists and scholars, where publications can be considered as key research equipment.

Paper mill challenges: past, present, and future.

Paper mills are fraudulent organizations that make money by writing fake manuscripts and offering authorship slots for sale to academic customers. Mill activity differs in scale to individual academic misconduct: many thousands of fake paper mill manuscripts have been successfully published in peer-reviewed journals. Despite this, paper mill activity is still relatively unrecognized outside the publishing industry.

Enabling pupils to flourish: six evidence-based principles of whole-school wellbeing promotion.

Schools have become increasingly important as health promotion settings, seeking to improve pupils' health and wellbeing through adopting a whole-school approach. A strong evidence-base highlights that focusing on the social, emotional and psychological aspects of pupils' wellbeing enables them to flourish, enjoy life and be better equipped to overcome challenges. However, it is acknowledged that further evidence is required regarding: (1) what happens in primary schools, (2) the impact of the English education system, (3) complexity and context, and (4) capturing children's voices.

Descriptive Analysis of Dexmedetomidine's Utility in a Palliative Care Unit at the End of Life.

Pain and symptom management at the end of life (EoL) can pose unique challenges, particularly when symptoms are refractory to conventional methods. Dexmedetomidine, originally approved for sedation in ventilated patients, has been demonstrated to be beneficial in pain management and palliative care settings by functioning as an alpha-2 agonist. A retrospective review of inpatient palliative care unit (IPU) records from January 2020 to December 2023 was conducted.

Misspellings or "miscellings"-Non-verifiable and unknown cell lines in cancer research publications.

Reproducible laboratory research relies on correctly identified reagents. We have previously described gene research papers with wrongly identified nucleotide sequence(s), including papers studying miR-145. Manually verifying reagent identities in 36 recent miR-145 papers found that 56% and 17% of papers described misidentified nucleotide sequences and cell lines, respectively.

An Approach to Evaluate the Costs and Outputs of Academic Biobanks.

Academic biobanks commonly report sustainability challenges, which may be exacerbated by a lack of information on biobank value. To better understand the costs and supported outputs that contribute to biobank value, we developed a systematic, generalizable methodology to determine biobank inputs and publications arising from biobank-supported research. We then tested this in a small cohort ( = 12) of academic cancer biobanks in New South Wales, Australia.

Applying Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable Principles to Biospecimens and Biobanks.

The importance of stimulating greater sharing of data for use and reuse in health research is widely recognized. To this end, the findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) principles for data have been developed and widely accepted in the research community. Research biospecimens are a resource that leads to much of this health research data but are also a form of data.

Safety and efficacy of autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with low-dose cyclophosphamide mobilisation and reduced intensity conditioning versus standard of care in refractory Crohn's disease (ASTIClite): an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Background: A previous controlled trial of autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with refractory Crohn's disease did not meet its primary endpoint and reported high toxicity. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of HSCT with an immune-ablative regimen of reduced intensity versus standard of care in this patient population.

Methods: This open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial was conducted in nine National Health Service hospital trusts across the UK.

Verification of nucleotide sequence reagent identities in original publications in high impact factor cancer research journals.

Human gene research studies that describe wrongly identified nucleotide sequence reagents have been mostly identified in journals of low to moderate impact factor, where unreliable findings could be considered to have limited influence on future research. This study examined whether papers describing wrongly identified nucleotide sequences are also published in high-impact-factor cancer research journals. We manually verified nucleotide sequence identities in original Molecular Cancer articles published in 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020, including nucleotide sequence reagents that were claimed to target circRNAs.

Palliation of Intractable Cancer-Related Pain With Low-Dose Epidural Bupivacaine.

Patients with advanced cancer nearing end of life often present with complex multifactorial pain. Although epidural analgesia is routinely used in inpatient hospital settings for targeted pain control, there is scant description in the literature of the use of low-dose epidural analgesia for relief of cancer-related pain at end of life. In this study, we present a case of difficult to control cancer-related rectal and pelvic pain in a patient who responded well in her last days of life to a low-dose bupivacaine epidural.

Biobanking and research quality: think locally, act globally.

Although biobanks can support research across geographic and governance boundaries, biomedical researchers consistently describe preferences for either collaborating with local biobanks or establishing their own biobanks. This article summarizes the potential research impacts of local biobank use and suggests how descriptions of biospecimen provenance can be improved in research publications.