Impact of short-term refeeding on appetite and meal experiences in new onset adolescent eating disorders.

Restrictive eating disorders (ED) are increasing and represent a serious risk to the health of adolescent females. Restrictive ED in youth are often treated through aggressive short-term refeeding. Although evidence supports that this intervention is the "gold standard" for improving ED outcomes in youth, little research has specifically probed appetite and meal-related responses to this type of intensive, short-term refeeding in newly diagnosed individuals.

Differences in the management of adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome across pediatric specialties.

Study Objective: Evaluate for differences in the management of adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) across 3 pediatric specialties.

Design: Retrospective review of medical records.

Setting: Academic children's hospital.

Early pubertal development and insulin sensitivity among school-aged girls: mediation via adiposity.

Study Objective: To examine whether the known association between early pubertal breast maturation and insulin sensitivity (SI) is mediated by adiposity.

Design: Cross-sectional analyses.

Setting: Observational study examining the roles of environment, diet, and obesity on puberty.

Bone mass, depressive, and anxiety symptoms in adolescent girls: variation by smoking and alcohol use.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine (a) the association between depressive and anxiety symptoms with bone health, (b) the association of smoking or alcohol use with bone health, and, in turn (c) whether the association between depressive and anxiety symptoms with bone health varied by smoking or alcohol use individually or by combined use. Bone health included total body bone mineral content (TB BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck. Previously published data have not examined these issues in adolescence, a period when more than 50% of bone mass is accrued.

Obesity and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in adolescent girls.

Stress and stress-related concomitants, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, are implicated in obesity and its attendant comorbidities. Little is known about this relationship in adolescents. To begin to address this important knowledge gap, we studied HPA axis activity in 262 healthy adolescent girls aged 11, 13, 15, and 17 years.

Does competence mediate the associations between puberty and internalizing or externalizing problems in adolescent girls?

Purpose: To examine separate mediational models linking (a) menarcheal status or (b) pubertal timing to internalizing and externalizing problems through competence.

Method: This study involved cross-sectional analyses of 262 adolescent girls (age: 11-17 years; mean = 14.93, standard deviation = 2.

Nutritional strategy for adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery: report of a working group of the Nutrition Committee of NASPGHAN/NACHRI.

Surgical options for the treatment of adolescent obesity have been gaining popularity. Adolescent patients present a particular challenge to clinicians, secondary to age-related issues, revolving around both mental and physical growth. These age-related issues require a unique approach to nutritional intervention for adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery as opposed to standardized approaches for adults.

Ghrelin biology and its role in weight-related disorders.

The discovery of ghrelin and its role in human metabolism has promoted significant research and advances in the study of obesity and other weight-related disorders. Ghrelin is relevant to many disorders of metabolism and weight such as obesity, cachexia, Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), and Anorexia Nervosa (AN), and its role in the pathophysiology differs. The changes observed in ghrelin physiology in these disorders shed light on the overall role of ghrelin in human metabolism and growth.

Menstrual concerns and intrauterine contraception among adolescent bariatric surgery patients.

Objective: Adolescent obesity has dramatically increased in recent decades, and along with that so have other medical comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and pseudotumor cerebri. Obesity and related comorbidites may be contraindications to hormonal contraception, making contraception counseling of morbidly obese adolescents more challenging. Obese adolescent females seeking bariatric surgery need effective contraception in the postoperative period.

Association of anxiety and depressive symptoms and adiposity among adolescent females, using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between anxiety and depressive symptoms and obesity among adolescent females using objective measures of adiposity and evaluate for moderating effects of race and age. This is a cross-sectional analysis of 198 females aged 11, 13, 15, and 17 years (mean = 14.6, standard deviation = 2.

Perceived competence and contraceptive use during adolescence.

Background: Little is known about psychosocial correlates of different contraceptive methods in adolescence.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analyses of 209 postmenarcheal girls [mean age (years)+/-SD=15.68+/-1.

The measurement of menstrual symptoms: factor structure of the menstrual symptom questionnaire in adolescent girls.

This study examined the factor structure of the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ) in a sample of 210 adolescent girls (11-17 years). Such an examination has not been carried out with an adolescent sample. In addition, the definitions of menstrual disorders have evolved since the creation of the MSQ.

Pediatricians and screening for obesity with body mass index: does level of training matter?

Objectives: Pediatric obesity is increasing at epidemic rates in industrialized nations. It is recommended that pediatricians screen all children annually with the use of body mass index (BMI). However, it is unclear whether this recommendation is followed.