Pit-and-fissure sealants on primary molars are a cost savings.

Background: In this study, the authors examine the cost-effectiveness of light-polymerized resin-based fluoride sealants on primary molars in high caries risk children younger than 6 years.

Methods: The authors examined the cost-effectiveness of pit-and-fissure sealant (PFS) treatment on primary molars by comparing sealed and unsealed molars treated in the outpatient clinic or operating room. Using 1,884 primary molars followed over a 5-year period, the authors used a mixed-effects regression model to estimate the probability of caries development.

Dental Management of Siblings with GAPO Syndrome.

GAPO syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, characterized by growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia, and progressive ocular changes. This disorder is caused by recessive mutations in the ANTXR1 gene and has characteristic dysmorphic facial features along with connective tissue changes, cardiomyopathy, gonadal dysfunction and craniosynostosis. The most common dental implication of GAPO syndrome is pseudoanodontia caused by eruption failure of the primary and permanent dentition.

Retrospective clinical evaluation of ceramic onlays placed by dental students.

Statement Of Problem: Indirect restorations with partial or complete occlusal surface coverage have been recommended to restore teeth with weakened walls in order to prevent cusp fracture. The success of these restorations when performed by dental students is unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical performance of adhesively bonded ceramic onlay restorations placed by third- and fourth-year dental students.

The KIAA0319-like (KIAA0319L) gene on chromosome 1p34 as a candidate for reading disabilities.

A locus on chromosome 1p34-36 (DYX8) has been linked to developmental dyslexia or reading disabilities (RD) in three independent samples. In the current study, we investigated a candidate gene KIAA0319-Like (KIAA0319L) within DYX8, as it is homologous to KIAA0319, a strong RD candidate gene on chromosome 6p (DYX2). Association was assessed by using five tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms in a sample of 291 nuclear families ascertained through a proband with reading difficulties.

Childhood head injury and metacognitive processes in language and memory.

We studied the metacognitive functioning of children with severe and mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and typically developing children. To test metacognition for memory, children were tested on a modified Judgment of Learning task. We found that children with severe TBI were impaired in their ability to predict recall of specific items prior to study-recall trials, but were unimpaired in predicting recall on a delayed test when the judgment was made after study-recall trials.

Working memory after mild, moderate, or severe childhood closed head injury.

Children with closed head injury (CHI) perform poorly on complex tasks requiring working memory (WM). It is unclear to what extent WM itself is compromised, and whether WM varies with factors related to the CHI, such as injury severity, age at injury, and time since injury. We studied verbal WM in 126 school-age children with CHI, divided into mild, moderate, and severe injury severity groups.