Exploring Pain Adaptation in Youth With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Identifying Youth and Parent Resilience Resources and Mechanisms.

Objective: Although juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is often associated with pain, this experience does not necessitate negative outcomes (eg, depression, functional impairment). Little research has explored youth and parent resilience resources (ie, stable traits) and mechanisms (ie, dynamic processes) in this context, and studies have focused on their contributions independently rather than collectively. This study, informed by the Ecological Resilience-Risk Model in Pediatric Chronic Pain, sought to (1) explore the relationships among youth and parent resilience resources and mechanisms and (2) identify the relative importance (RI; ie, independent contributions when entered simultaneously) of evidence-based youth and parent resources and mechanisms in contributing to youth-reported recovery, sustainability, and growth outcomes.

The prevalence of chronic pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review update and meta-analysis.

Chronic pain, defined as persistent or recurring pain or pain lasting longer than 3 months, is a common childhood problem. The objective of this study was to conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of chronic pain (ie, overall, headache, abdominal pain, back pain, musculoskeletal pain, multisite/general pain, and other) in children and adolescents. EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for publications between January 1, 2009, and June 30, 2023.

Preliminary development of a measure of parental behavioral responses to everyday pains in young children: the PREP.

Introduction: Everyday pains are experienced frequently by young children. Parent responses shape how young children learn about and experience pain. However, research on everyday pains in toddlers and preschoolers is scarce, and no self-report measures of parent responses to their child's pain exist for this age group.

Understanding the unique and common perspectives of partners engaged in knowledge mobilization activities within pediatric pain management: a mixed methods study.

Background: Knowledge mobilization (KM) is essential to close the longstanding evidence to practice gap in pediatric pain management. Engaging various partners (i.e.

A systematic review of the psychosocial factors associated with pain in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Background: Pain is one of the most frequently reported experiences amongst children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA); however, the management of JIA pain remains challenging. As pain is a multidimensional experience that is influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors, the key to effective pain management lies in understanding these complex relationships. The objective of this study is to systematically review the literature on psychosocial factors of children with JIA and their caregivers 1) associated with and 2) predictive of later JIA pain intensity, frequency, and sensitivity in children 0-17 years of age.

"Every Little Furrow of Her Brow Makes Me Want To Stop": An Interpretative Phenomenologic Analysis of Mothers' Experiences With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treatments.

Objective: Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are faced with a complex medical journey requiring consistent adherence to treatments to achieve disease management. Parents are intimately involved in JIA treatments; however, little is known about their experiences in this role. This is relevant as many treatments necessitate procedural pain (e.

Factors associated with parents' experiences using a knowledge translation tool for vaccination pain management: a qualitative study.

Background: Vaccination is a common painful procedure for children. Parents' concern regarding vaccination pain is a significant driver of vaccine hesitancy. Despite the wealth of evidence-based practices available for managing vaccination pain, parents lack knowledge of, and access to, these strategies.

Understanding parents' use of a knowledge translation tool to manage children's vaccination pain.

Introduction: Although several evidence-based strategies for managing children's vaccination pain exist, many parents report being unaware of them. Knowledge translation (KT) tools present evidence-based information in plain language.

Objectives: This two-phase study assessed parents/caregivers' uptake of evidence-based pain management strategies via a KT tool and considered factors related to parents' planned, actual, and future use of these strategies.

Epidemiology of chronic pain in children and adolescents: a protocol for a systematic review update.

Introduction: Chronic pain, defined as persistent or recurring pain or pain lasting longer than 3 months, is a common childhood problem and can profoundly impact children's physical, psychological and social functioning. The last comprehensive systematic review estimating the prevalence of chronic pain in children and adolescents was published in 2011. Since then, the literature on paediatric chronic pain has grown substantially.

Implementation Effectiveness of a Parent-Directed YouTube Video ("It Doesn't Have To Hurt") on Evidence-Based Strategies to Manage Needle Pain: Descriptive Survey Study.

Background: Despite the availability of high-quality evidence and clinical practice guidelines for the effective management of pediatric pain, this evidence is rarely used in practice for managing children's pain from needle procedures such as vaccinations. Parents are generally unaware of pain management strategies they can use with their children.

Objective: This study aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate the implementation effectiveness of a parent-directed YouTube video on evidence-based strategies to manage needle pain in children.

Health Researchers' Use of Social Media: Scoping Review.

Background: Health researchers are increasingly using social media in a professional capacity, and the applications of social media for health researchers are vast. However, there is currently no published evidence synthesis of the ways in which health researchers use social media professionally, and uncertainty remains as to how best to harness its potential.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to explore how social media is used by health researchers professionally, as reported in the literature.

The Implementation Effectiveness of a Freely Available Pediatric Cancer Pain Assessment App: A Pilot Implementation Study.

Background: Pain Squad is an evidence-based, freely available iOS app designed to assess pain in children with cancer. Once research-based technologies such as Pain Squad are validated, it is important to evaluate their performance in natural settings to optimize their real-world clinical use.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the implementation effectiveness of Pain Squad in a natural setting.

Psychological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents.

Background: This is the second update of a Cochrane Review (Issue 4, 2006). Pain and distress from needle-related procedures are common during childhood and can be reduced through use of psychological interventions (cognitive or behavioral strategies, or both). Our first review update (Issue 10, 2013) showed efficacy of distraction and hypnosis for needle-related pain and distress in children and adolescents.

Boo-boos as the building blocks of pain expression: An observational examination of parental responses to everyday pain in toddlers.

Background: Everyday pain experiences (minor bumps/scrapes) are common in early childhood and create frequent opportunities for socialization of pain behaviors. Nevertheless, everyday pain during the formative toddler period has been largely overlooked.

Aims: The aim of the current study was to describe the frequency and nature of toddlers' everyday pain experiences, child and parent responses, and the relationship between child characteristics (age, sex, temperament) and responses.

Pain in Children With Cancer: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Parent Management.

Objectives: Pain is a common and distressing symptom of pediatric cancer, as reported by both children and their parents. Increasingly, children with cancer are cared for as outpatients, yet little is known about how parents manage their cancer-related pain. The aim of the current study was to examine pain prevalence and characteristics, and the pharmacological, physical, and psychological pain management strategies used by parents to manage their child's cancer pain.

The Power of a Parent's Touch: Evaluation of Reach and Impact of a Targeted Evidence-Based YouTube Video.

Despite strong evidence that skin-to-skin contact and breast-feeding are effective pain-relieving interventions for infants undergoing painful procedures, they remain underutilized in clinical practice. Given the important contribution of parents, there is a need to find innovative ways to assist parents to become actively involved in their infant's care. We developed a YouTube video to disseminate evidence-based information on the effectiveness of skin-to-skin contact and breast-feeding for infant pain management.

A comprehensive categorical and bibliometric analysis of published research articles on pediatric pain from 1975 to 2010.

The field of pediatric pain research began in the mid-1970s and has undergone significant growth and development in recent years as evidenced by the variety of books, conferences, and journals on the topic and also the number of disciplines engaged in work in this area. Using categorical and bibliometric meta-trend analysis, this study offers a synthesis of research on pediatric pain published between 1975 and 2010 in peer-reviewed journals. Abstracts from 4256 articles, retrieved from Web of Science, were coded across 4 categories: article type, article topic, type and age of participants, and pain stimulus.

Acceptability by parents and children of deception in pediatric research.

Objective: Deception has been used to investigate the role of developmental and behavioral factors in child health; however, its acceptability for use in pediatric research has received little empirical attention. This study examined the acceptability of deception in a pediatric pain research study as assessed through participating children's and parents' long-term perceptions of its use.

Method: Ninety-four children (52 boys; mean age = 12.

Relevance of Water Temperature, Apparatus, and Age to Children's Pain during the Cold Pressor Task.

Background: Effective use of experimental pain in research depends on a thorough understanding of factors influencing their use. Although studies using the cold pressor task (CPT) have critically advanced our knowledge of pain mechanisms, assessment, and management in adults and children, the impact of identified methodological variability in its use is not known (ie, water temperature and apparatus); furthermore, whether methodological variations differentially impact children across development.

Methods: Pain outcomes were examined in 113 healthy children from three age groups (8- to 9-, 10- to 11-, and 12- to 14-year-olds) who completed three CPTs at different water temperatures (5, 7, 10°C) in counterbalanced order.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of distraction and hypnosis for needle-related pain and distress in children and adolescents.

Objective: To systematically review the evidence (and quality) for distraction and hypnosis for needle-related pain and distress in children and adolescents. To explore the effects of distraction characteristics (e.g.

Leptin fails to blunt the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in rats.

Obesity is a risk factor for sepsis morbidity and mortality, whereas the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a protective role in the body's defence against sepsis. Sepsis induces a profound systemic immune response and cytokines serve as excellent markers for sepsis as they act as mediators of the immune response. Evidence suggests that the adipokine leptin may play a pathogenic role in sepsis.

Psychological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents.

Background: This review is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 4, 2006. Needle-related procedures are a common source of pain and distress for children. Our previous review on this topic indicated that a number of psychological interventions were efficacious in managing pediatric needle pain, including distraction, hypnosis, and combined cognitive behavioural interventions.

Developmental data supporting simplification of self-report pain scales for preschool-age children.

Unlabelled: Claims regarding the ability of preschool-age children to provide accurate self-reports using standard pain scales are not well supported by age-specific evidence. Responses of children younger than 5 years are often idiosyncratic and subject to biases. Simplifying the task of self-report of pain would make it more developmentally appropriate for 3- to 5-year-olds.

Caregiver accuracy in detecting deception in facial expressions of pain in children.

Facial expressions provide a primary source of inference about a child's pain. Although facial expressions typically appear spontaneous, children have some capacity to fake or suppress displays of pain, thereby potentially misleading caregiver judgments. The present study was designed to compare accuracy of different groups of caregivers in detecting deception in children's facial expressions of pain when voluntarily controlled.