Assessment of patient satisfaction with home vs office indwelling catheter removal placed for urinary retention after female pelvic floor surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative urinary retention is burdensome for patients. We seek to improve patient satisfaction with the voiding trial process.

Objective: This study aimed to assess patient satisfaction with location of indwelling catheter removal placed for urinary retention after urogynecologic surgery.

Thermal stability analyses of human PERIOD-2 C-terminal domain using dynamic light scattering and circular dichroism.

At the molecular level, the circadian clock is regulated by a time delayed transcriptional-translational feedback loop in which the core proteins interact with each other rhythmically to drive daily biological rhythms. The C-terminal domain of a key clock protein PER2 (PER2c) plays a critically important role in the loop, not only for its interaction with the binding partner CRY proteins but also for the CRY/PER complex's translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus. Previous circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic studies have shown that mouse PER2c (mPER2c) is less structured in solution by itself but folded into stable secondary structures upon interaction with mouse CRYs.

Association Between Insurance Status and Access to Hospital Care in Emergency Department Disposition.

Importance: Studies of public hospitals have reported increasing incidence of emergency department (ED) transfers of uninsured patients for hospitalization, which is perceived to be associated with financial incentives.

Objective: To examine the differences in risk-adjusted transfer and discharge rates by patient insurance status among hospitals capable of providing critical care.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cross-sectional analysis of the 2015 National Emergency Department Sample was conducted, including visits between January 2015 and December 2015.

Outcomes after observation stays among older adult Medicare beneficiaries in the USA: retrospective cohort study.

 To characterize rates and trends over time of emergency department treatment-and-discharge stays, repeat observation stays, inpatient stays, any hospital revisit, and death within 30 days of discharge from observation stays. Retrospective cohort study. 4750 hospitals in the USA.

Optimizing sgRNA structure to improve CRISPR-Cas9 knockout efficiency.

Background: Single-guide RNA (sgRNA) is one of the two key components of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 genome-editing system. The current commonly used sgRNA structure has a shortened duplex compared with the native bacterial CRISPR RNA (crRNA)-transactivating crRNA (tracrRNA) duplex and contains a continuous sequence of thymines, which is the pause signal for RNA polymerase III and thus could potentially reduce transcription efficiency.

Results: Here, we systematically investigate the effect of these two elements on knockout efficiency and showed that modifying the sgRNA structure by extending the duplex length and mutating the fourth thymine of the continuous sequence of thymines to cytosine or guanine significantly, and sometimes dramatically, improves knockout efficiency in cells.

Vigor of movements and the cost of time in decision making.

If we assume that the purpose of a movement is to acquire a rewarding state, the duration of the movement carries a cost because it delays acquisition of reward. For some people, passage of time carries a greater cost, as evidenced by how long they are willing to wait for a rewarding outcome. These steep discounters are considered impulsive.