Frontal crash simulations using parametric human models representing a diverse population.

Analyses of crash data have shown that older, obese, and/or female occupants have a higher risk of injury in frontal crashes compared to the rest of the population. The objective of this study was to use parametric finite element (FE) human models to assess the increased injury risks and identify safety concerns for these vulnerable populations. We sampled 100 occupants based on age, sex, stature, and body mass index (BMI) to span a wide range of the U.

An automated method to morph finite element whole-body human models with a wide range of stature and body shape for both men and women.

Field data analyses have shown that small female, obese, and/or older occupants are at increased risks of death and serious injury in motor-vehicle crashes compared with mid-size young men. The current adult finite element (FE) human models represent occupants in the same three body sizes (large male, mid-size male, and small female) as those for the contemporary adult crash dummies. Further, the time needed to develop an FE human model using the traditional method is measured in months or even years.

A finite element model of the lower limb for simulating pedestrian impacts.

A finite element (FE) model of the lower limb was developed to improve the understanding of injury mechanisms of thigh, knee, and leg during car to pedestrian impacts and to aid in the design of injury countermeasures for vehicle front-ends. The geometry of the model was reconstructed from CT scans of the Visible Human Project Database and commercial anatomical databases. The geometry and mass were scaled to those of a 50(th) percentile male and the entire lower limb was positioned in a standing position according to the published anthropometric references.