Measurement properties of Brief-BESTest scores from children, adolescents, and youth with visual impairments.

This study aimed to vet the measurement properties of Brief-BESTest scores in children, adolescents, and youth with visual impairment and blindness (YVI). A cross-sectional sample of YVI ( = 101) completed the Brief-BESTest, a modified version of the Y-Balance Test, the 360-degree turn test, bipedal quiet stance, and Activity-Specific Balance Confidence Scales. Thirty-seven YVI completed test-retest of the Brief-BESTest using a one-year interval.

Appropriate Instructional Practice in Physical Education: A Systematic Review of Literature From 2000 to 2020.

Appropriate instruction is a key component of quality physical education, which aligns student learning activities with grade-level learning outcomes. Historically, in the 1980s and late 1990s, an abundance of research was conducted to empirically link teacher effectiveness to student learning outcomes. In recent years, however, limited research has been published.

Rationale for the Essential Components of Physical Education.

: This introductory article provides the context and rationale for conducting systematic literature reviews on each of the essential components of physical education, including policy and environment, curriculum, appropriate instruction, and student assessment. : Four research teams from Doctoral Physical Education Teacher Education programs (D-PETE) conducted these systematic reviews using the PRISMA guidelines process. : This article explains the role of the national framework for increasing physical education and physical activity (i.

Neurobehavioral assessment of mice following repeated postnatal exposure to chlorpyrifos-oxon.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), one of the most widely-used organophosphorus (OP) insecticides in agriculture, is degraded in the field to its oxon form, chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO), which can represent a significant contaminant in exposures to adults and children. CPO is also responsible for the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition associated with CPF exposures; CPF is converted by liver CYP450 enzymes to CPO, which binds to and inhibits AChE and other serine active-site esterases, lipases and proteases. Young children represent a particularly susceptible population for exposure to CPF and CPO, in part because levels of the plasma enzyme, paraoxonase (PON1), which hydrolyzes CPO, are very low during early development.