Novel melt-processable chitosan-polybutylene succinate fibre scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.

Novel chitosan/polybutylene succinate fibre-based scaffolds (C-PBS) were seeded with bovine articular chondrocytes in order to assess their suitability for cartilage tissue engineering. Chondrocytes were seeded onto C-PBS scaffolds using spinner flasks under dynamic conditions, and cultured under orbital rotation for a total of 6 weeks. Non-woven polyglycolic acid (PGA) felts were used as reference materials.

Evaluation of extracellular matrix formation in polycaprolactone and starch-compounded polycaprolactone nanofiber meshes when seeded with bovine articular chondrocytes.

Cartilage defects are a major health problem. Tissue engineering has developed different strategies and several biomaterial morphologies, including natural-based ones, for repairing these defects. We used electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) and starch-compounded PCL (SPCL) nanofiber meshes to evaluate extracellular matrix (ECM) formation by bovine articular chondrocytes (BACs).

Synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells in health and early osteoarthritis: detection and functional evaluation at the single-cell level.

Objective: Arthritic synovial fluid (SF) contains mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which could simply reflect their shedding from diseased joint structures. This study used the bovine model to explore SF MSCs in health and enumerated them at the earliest stages of human osteoarthritis (OA) in radiographically normal joints.

Methods: Clonogenicity and multipotentiality of normal bovine SF MSCs were compared with donor-matched bone marrow (BM) MSCs at the single-cell level.

Cleavage and secretion is not required for Four-jointed function in Drosophila patterning.

Four-jointed (fj) is required for proximodistal growth and planar polarity in Drosophila tissues. It encodes a predicted type II transmembrane protein with putative signal peptidase sites in its transmembrane domain, and its C terminus is secreted. Fj has therefore been proposed to act as a secreted signalling molecule.