Caregiver Concerns About Child Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic among those with Missed Appointments: Preliminary Results.

Introduction: To examine caregiver's perception of their child falling behind on developmental milestones after canceled or delayed appointments in metropolitan Chicago during stay-at-home orders, from March 21-May 7, 2020.

Methods: We fielded a web-based caregiver survey to understand the impact of the early weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's health care experiences characterizing proportions of caregiver perceptions of children falling behind in developmental milestones by canceled or delayed appointment types. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of falling behind in milestones .

Development and Validation of an Integrated Suite of Prediction Models for All-Cause 30-Day Readmissions of Children and Adolescents Aged 0 to 18 Years.

Importance: Readmission is often considered a hospital quality measure, yet no validated risk prediction models exist for children.

Objective: To develop and validate a tool identifying patients before hospital discharge who are at risk for subsequent readmission, applicable to all ages.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based prognostic analysis used electronic health record-derived data from a freestanding children's hospital from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2019.

Measuring psychological safety and local learning to enable high reliability organisational change.

The ability to measure the extent to which an organisation is highly reliable, or the extent to which reliability may change over time, has not kept up with the development of theory. The paper examines aspects of workplace culture, employee motivation and leadership behaviours that support continuous learning and improvement in an effort to measure the transition to high reliability.To evaluate the effectiveness of its high reliability initiative, one children's hospital sought to build measures that would provide an assessment of progressive movement towards a 'culture of safety', and track the success over time.

Closure of Licensed Pediatric Beds in Health Care Markets Within Illinois.

Objective: Our objective was to understand the market characteristics related to closures of licensed pediatric hospital beds that may be related to increasing regionalization of pediatric hospital care.

Methods: We performed a retrospective descriptive analysis of 110 hospitals with licensed pediatric hospital beds from a statewide survey of health care facilities (2012-2017) and administrative data of hospital admissions (2013-2018) in Illinois. We quantified closures of licensed pediatric hospital beds and categorized hospital bed closures by hospital and market characteristics.

State-Level Managed Care Penetration in Medicaid and Rates of Preventive Care Visits for Children.

Objective: To examine time trends in receipt of Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic, and Treatment (EPSDT) services in serial cohorts of Medicaid beneficiaries <21 years, as Medicaid managed care (MMC) was adopted by states.

Methods: Using annual state-level data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, we performed national analyses of Medicaid beneficiaries <21 years from 2000 to 2017. We used generalized linear models to assess the relationship between MMC enrollment and EPSDT encounters, accounting for repeated measures, first at the national level overall and then specifying random effects at the state level.

The Role of Hospital Design in Reducing Anxiety for Pediatric Patients.

Objectives: To study the impact of hospital design on patient and family experiences during and after hospitalization.

Background: Hospitalization can be psychologically traumatic for children. Few research studies have studied the role of the design of the hospital environment in mitigating that traumatic experience.

Rate of spending on chronic conditions among Medicaid and CHIP recipients.

Objective: To evaluate the rate at which children with and without chronic conditions became recipients of Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) during a period of economic recession and to evaluate changes in spending and service utilization among children with chronic conditions.

Methods: Child recipients of Illinois fee-for-service Medicaid and CHIP from 2007 to 2010 were assigned to 5 chronic condition groups using 3M Clinical Risk Group software. Outcome measures were change in recipient number in each chronic condition category, total and per capita spending changes within various categories of service, and changes in service utilization.

Community monitoring for youth violence surveillance: testing a prediction model.

Predictive epidemiology is an embryonic field that involves developing informative signatures for disorder and tracking them using surveillance methods. Through such efforts assistance can be provided to the planning and implementation of preventive interventions. Believing that certain minor crimes indicative of gang activity are informative signatures for the emergence of serious youth violence in communities, in this study we aim to predict outbreaks of violence in neighborhoods from pre-existing levels and changes in reports of minor offenses.

Health behaviors of school-age children: evidence from one large city.

Relatively little is known about risk behaviors of elementary school children. A recent evaluation of a comprehensive school health education curriculum provided an opportunity to survey elementary school children about their perceived health status, knowledge, attitudes, health self-efficacy, and health and risk behaviors. For the evaluation, a total of 4273 surveys were completed by 2 cohorts of school children, grades 2 and 4, in 24 schools in a large urban school district during the spring semesters of 2002; the cohorts were surveyed a second time when they were in third and fifth grade in spring 2003.

Feeling at home in one's school: a first look at a new measure.

We report on the development of the Hospitality Scale, which measures two aspects of adolescents' perception of social capital in school-the extent to which they perceive that they have social capital and the extent to which they provide social capital to others. The scale was developed in reference to the literature exploring adolescent social isolation and social tolerance, as well as constructs developed in research on adults, especially related to psychological sense of community and collective efficacy. We examine the reliability of the scale and the association between scale scores and behavioral factors that may reflect social isolation.