Biliary sludge (or very thick bile) is mainly comprised of calcium bilirubinate granules and lesser amounts of cholesterol crystals, and it can produce a layer of low amplitude of echoes in the most dependent part of the gallbladder (GB). In tumefactive biliary sludge, low-amplitude echoes do not form a fluid-fluid level but instead tend to give the appearance of a polypoid mass that is bounded by a smooth margin, round, and lobulated. Differential diagnoses for an echogenic mass in the GB lumen include GB carcinoma, tumefactive sludge, and gangrenous cholecystitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and thalidomide in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
Methods: Between 1999 and 2003, 121 patients (mean age, 54.4 +/- 12.
Background: To elucidate clinical experience associated with rare cases of small bowel volvulus among adults, we conducted a retrospective study.
Methods: From January 1993 to March 2003 inclusively, we reviewed the presentation and management of 19 patients featuring small bowel volvulus. All study-included patients underwent surgical treatment to confirm their diagnosis.