The treatment of sleep dysfunction to improve cognitive function: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluates if treating sleep disturbances improves cognitive function over at least 12 weeks.

Methods: Multiple data sources were searched until November 1, 2021. RCTs were included if they examined the effect of an intervention (behavioral or medical) on sleep and cognition in an adult sample with sleep disturbances and had an intervention duration and follow-up of at least 12 weeks.

Reporting of adverse events, conflict of interest and funding in randomised controlled trials of antibiotics: a secondary analysis.

Objectives: Transparent reporting of trials is necessary to assess their internal and external validity. Currently, little is known about the quality of reporting in antibiotics trials. Our study investigates the reporting of adverse events, conflicts of interest and funding information in trials of penicillins, cephalosporins and macrolides.

Learning deficit in cognitively normal APOE ε4 carriers with LOW β-amyloid.

Introduction: In cognitively normal (CN) adults, increased rates of amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation can be detected in low Aβ (Aβ-) apolipoprotein E () ε4 carriers. We aimed to determine the effect of ε4 on the ability to benefit from experience (ie, learn) in Aβ- CNs.

Methods: Aβ- CNs (n = 333) underwent episodic memory assessments every 18 months for 108 months.

Association of deficits in short-term learning and Aβ and hippocampal volume in cognitively normal adults.

Objective: To determine the extent to which deficits in learning over 6 days are associated with β-amyloid-positive (Aβ+) and hippocampal volume in cognitively normal (CN) adults.

Methods: Eighty CN older adults who had undergone PET neuroimaging to determine Aβ status (n = 42 Aβ- and 38 Aβ+), MRI to determine hippocampal and ventricular volume, and repeated assessment of memory were recruited from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study. Participants completed the Online Repeatable Cognitive Assessment-Language Learning Test (ORCA-LLT), which required they learn associations between 50 Chinese characters and their English language equivalents over 6 days.

Use of an experimental language acquisition paradigm for standardized neuropsychological assessment of learning: A pilot study in young and older adults.

: Despite the numerous episodic memory tasks used in neuropsychological assessment, relatively few learning tasks are available, with methods lacking the complexity and sophistication to capture very subtle changes in information acquisition.: We adapted a previously validated associative learning task for use within an online framework, utilizing real-world stimuli, in which learning of audio-visual pairs of Chinese characters and English words occurs over 5 days. The aim of this study was to validate our adaptation to the task, provide estimates of rates of learning in both young and older adults, as well as provide a methodological framework for further adaptation and development of the paradigm.

Visual paired associate learning deficits associated with elevated beta-amyloid in cognitively normal older adults.

Objective: Previous studies have shown that paired associate learning (PAL), a type of episodic memory, is impaired in early Alzheimer's disease (AD). Such tasks require that a set of associations (e.g.

Episodic Memory and Learning Dysfunction Over an 18-Month Period in Preclinical and Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease.

Recent meta-analyses suggest that episodic memory impairment associated with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) equates to 0.15-0.24 standard deviations below that of cognitively healthy older adults.

Cognitive impairment and decline in cognitively normal older adults with high amyloid-β: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: This meta-analysis aimed to characterize the nature and magnitude of amyloid (Aβ)-related cognitive impairment and decline in cognitively normal (CN) older individuals.

Method: MEDLINE Ovid was searched from 2012 to June 2016 for studies reporting relationships between cerebrospinal fluid or positron emission tomography (PET) Aβ levels and cognitive impairment (cross-sectional) and decline (longitudinal) in CN older adults. Neuropsychological data were classified into domains of episodic memory, executive function, working memory, processing speed, visuospatial function, semantic memory, and global cognition.