Genome sequencing and assembly of near threatened Clarias dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840), an endemic catfish of peninsular India.

Clarias dussumieri, a near threatened freshwater catfish, is endemic to peninsular India and has aquaculture potential. Unlike its sister species, C. magur, the male fish needs not be sacrificed during captive breeding.

The chromosome level genome assembly of the Asian green mussel, Perna viridis.

The Asian green mussel, Perna viridis is an important aquaculture species in the family Mytilidae contributing substantially to molluscan aquaculture. We generated a high-quality chromosome level assembly of this species by combining PacBio single molecule sequencing technique (SMRT), Illumina paired-end sequencing, high-throughput chromosome conformation capture technique (Hi-C) and Bionano mapping. The final assembly resulted in a genome of 723.

Genome sequencing and assembly of Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822).

The freshwater aquaculture species, Cirrhinus mrigala, commonly known as mrigal, holds significance in the carp-dominated aquaculture system, globally. Despite constituting 1.08% of the total freshwater aquaculture production, mrigal is the third most important Indian major carp.

Diagnosis of a recurred lesion in dermatophytosis patients after 2 weeks of antifungal therapy: A prospective observational study.

Unlabelled: Few researchers believe that various risk factors may complicate the course of dermatophytosis and/or develop various dermatoses unrelated to fungal infection at the previous lesion site. However, there is a paucity of studies that analyzed the diagnosis of lesions that recurred at the treated site of dermatophytosis.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 157 cases of dermatophytosis with positive fungal test results.

ATF4 expression in thermogenic adipocytes is required for cold-induced thermogenesis in mice via FGF21-independent mechanisms.

In brown adipose tissue (BAT), short-term cold exposure induces the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and its downstream target fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Induction of ATF4 in BAT in response to mitochondrial stress is required for thermoregulation, partially by increasing FGF21 expression. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Atf4 and Fgf21 induction in BAT are both required for BAT thermogenesis under physiological stress by generating mice selectively lacking either Atf4 (ATF4 BKO) or Fgf21 (FGF21 BKO) in UCP1-expressing adipocytes.

GDF15 is required for cold-induced thermogenesis and contributes to improved systemic metabolic health following loss of OPA1 in brown adipocytes.

We previously reported that mice lacking the protein optic atrophy 1 (OPA1 BKO) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) display induction of the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which promotes fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) secretion as a batokine. FGF21 increases metabolic rates under baseline conditions but is dispensable for the resistance to diet-induced obesity (DIO) reported in OPA1 BKO mice (Pereira et al., 2021).

The roles of FGF21 and GDF15 in mediating the mitochondrial integrated stress response.

Various models of mitochondrial stress result in induction of the stress-responsive cytokines fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). This is an adaptive mechanism downstream of the mitochondrial integrated stress response frequently associated with improvements in systemic metabolic health. Both FGF21 and GDF15 have been shown to modulate energy balance and glucose homeostasis, and their pharmacological administration leads to promising beneficial effects against obesity and associated metabolic diseases in pre-clinical models.

In Vitro Susceptibility of Isolates to Cefiderocol and Ceftazidime/Avibactam from Odisha, India.

 The availability of a limited arsenal of antibacterial agents effective against the causative agent of melioidosis, together with sporadic reports of emergence of resistance necessitates an evaluation of in vitro activity of new antimicrobials against clinical isolates. Cefiderocol (CFDC), a novel siderophore cephalosporin, and ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA), a new β lactam combination agent, have shown promising results for the treatment of difficult-to-treat Gram-negative bacilli infections with limited treatment options. This study was conducted to determine the in vitro activity of CFDC and CZA against a contemporary collection of 60 clinical isolates.

Microbiological Characterization and Clinical Facets of Bloodstream Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern India.

Purpose: is an emerging non-fermenting Gram-negative bacillus (NFGNB) causing bloodstream infections (BSI) associated with high mortality. It demonstrates a unique antimicrobial profile in showing susceptibility to antimicrobials effective against Gram-positive bacteria. This study was undertaken to determine the overall frequency of BSI, associated risk factors, microbiological susceptibility, and clonal relationship of isolates using Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR).

Towards vibrant fish populations and sustainable fisheries that benefit all: learning from the last 30 years to inform the next 30 years.

A common goal among fisheries science professionals, stakeholders, and rights holders is to ensure the persistence and resilience of vibrant fish populations and sustainable, equitable fisheries in diverse aquatic ecosystems, from small headwater streams to offshore pelagic waters. Achieving this goal requires a complex intersection of science and management, and a recognition of the interconnections among people, place, and fish that govern these tightly coupled socioecological and sociotechnical systems. The World Fisheries Congress (WFC) convenes every four years and provides a unique global forum to debate and discuss threats, issues, and opportunities facing fish populations and fisheries.

MRF: a tool to overcome the barrier of inconsistent genome annotations and perform comparative genomics studies for the largest animal DNA virus.

Background: The genome of the largest known animal virus, the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) responsible for huge economic losses and loss of employment in aquaculture, suffers from inconsistent annotation nomenclature. Novel genome sequence, circular genome and variable genome length led to nomenclature inconsistencies. Since vast knowledge has already accumulated in the past two decades with inconsistent nomenclature, the insights gained on a genome could not be easily extendable to other genomes.

Infection-Related Ventilator-Associated Complication and Possible Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia among Mechanically Ventilated Patients of Adult Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units.

 An observational study was conducted to evaluate (1) the incidence rates of infection-related ventilator-associated complication (IVAC) and possible ventilator-associated pneumonia (PVAP) among mechanically ventilated patients of adult medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs) and (2) the pathogen distribution in patients with PVAP.  The IVAC and PVAP rates of medical and surgical ICUs, between July 1, 2017, and June 30, 2021, per 1,000 mechanical ventilator (MV) days were calculated. The significance of difference in IVAC and PVAP rates between medical and surgical ICUs was calculated.

ATF4 Expression in Thermogenic Adipocytes is Required for Cold-Induced Thermogenesis in Mice via FGF21-Independent Mechanisms.

In brown adipose tissue (BAT), short-term cold exposure induces the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and its downstream target fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Induction of ATF4 in BAT in response to mitochondrial stress is required for thermoregulation, partially via upregulation of FGF21. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that and induction in BAT are both required for BAT thermogenesis by generating mice selectively lacking either ATF4 BKO or (FGF21 BKO) in UCP1-expressing adipocytes.

Genome size estimation and its associations with body length, chromosome number and evolution in teleost fishes.

Precise estimation of genome size (GS) is vital for various genomic studies, such as deciding genome sequencing depth, genome assembly, biodiversity documentation, evolution, genetic disorders studies, duplication events etc. Animal Genome Size Database provides GS of over 2050 fish species, which ranges from 0.35 pg in pufferfish (Tetraodon nigroviridis) to 132.

Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Osmoregulation Related Regulatory Networks and Hub Genes in the Gills of Hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha, during the Migratory Osmotic Stress.

Tenualosa ilisha (Hilsa shad), an anadromous fish, usually inhabits coastal and estuarine waters, and migrates to freshwater for spawning. In this study, large-scale gill transcriptome analyses from three salinity regions, i.e.

Loss of FoxOs in muscle increases strength and mitochondrial function during aging.

Background: Muscle mitochondrial decline is associated with aging-related muscle weakness and insulin resistance. FoxO transcription factors are targets of insulin action and deletion of FoxOs improves mitochondrial function in diabetes. However, disruptions in proteostasis and autophagy are hallmarks of aging and the effect of chronic inhibition of FoxOs in aged muscle is unknown.

Quantitative assessment of sediment delivery and retention in four watersheds in the Godavari River Basin, India, using InVEST model - an aquatic ecosystem services perspective.

Sediment export and retention are important ecosystem processes in any landscape causing soil erosion and sediment loading in waterways consequently affecting the health of aquatic habitats downstream. The present study quantifies sediment export and retention in four watersheds, viz., Hivra, Satrapur, Konta, and Jagdalpur in the Godavari River Basin, India, using Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) ecosystem service modelling tool.

Description of a new (Valenciennes, 1840) species, from the Cauvery River extends distribution range of the genus up to South Western Ghats in peninsular India.

A new species of the genus is described based on 17 specimens collected from the Cauvery River, India. It can be distinguished from its sister species from South and Southeast Asia, by its widely placed, small and rounded vomerine and palatine tooth plates, longer maxillary and mandibular barbels, greater vertebrae count 50 (vs. 44-48), and smaller caudal peduncle depth (6.

Analysis of In Vitro Activity of Cefiderocol Against Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli by Broth Microdilution and Disk Diffusion Method: A Single-Center Study in Odisha, India.

Introduction: Cefiderocol (CFDC), a novel semi-synthetic siderophore cephalosporin has been developed to combat the menace of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) including Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) and Carbapenem-resistant Nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli (CR-NFGNB).

Methods: We determined the in vitro activity of CFDC against a contemporary collection of 503 CR-GNB isolates by the reference broth microdilution method (BMD) using Iron depleted cation adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (ID-CAMHB). Performance of CFDC disk diffusion (DD) was evaluated against the reference BMD, as an alternative convenient testing method.

Divided target optimization with volumetric modulated arc therapy planning to improve target coverage and homogeneity in lung radiation therapy.

Purpose: To investigate and evaluate the feasibility of a simple modified Divided Planning Target Volume (DPTV) optimization method in radiation therapy planning of lung cancer patients.

Methods: A cohort of 15 patients of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (13 patients stage III and two patients of stage II) who were previously treated with Concurrent Chemo Radiation Therapy were included in the study. The planning modality was Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy, and the dose prescription was 60 Gray in 30 fractions.