Calcium supplementation (other than for preventing or treating hypertension) for improving pregnancy and infant outcomes.

Background: Maternal nutrition during pregnancy is known to have an effect on fetal growth and development. It is recommended that women increase their calcium intake during pregnancy and lactation, although the recommended dosage varies among professionals. Currently, there is no consensus on the role of routine calcium supplementation for pregnant women other than for preventing or treating hypertension.

Prophylactic antibiotics for manual removal of retained placenta in vaginal birth.

Rationale: Retained placenta is a potentially life-threatening condition because of its association with postpartum haemorrhage. Manual removal of the placenta increases the likelihood of infectious complications of the uterine cavity. So, prophylactic antibiotics are recommended by some experts, and commonly administered to reduce these risks.

Uterotonics for management of retained placenta.

Rationale: Retained placenta is a significant cause of maternal death from postpartum haemorrhage. Traditionally, it is managed by manual removal under anaesthesia, which carries risks of haemorrhage, infection, and uterine perforation. Uterotonics may offer an alternative for delivering the retained placenta since they induce uterine contractions.

The effect of an educational video on the immediate insertion of postpartum contraceptive implants: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the impact of an educational video on immediate postpartum contraceptive implant utilization.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled study conducted in a university hospital. Postpartum women aged over 18 years were recruited and divided into two groups: the intervention group, which viewed a 7-min educational video about contraceptive implants; and the control group, which did not.

School-based comprehensive sexuality education for prevention of adolescent pregnancy: a scoping review.

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a global public health problem. Numerous approaches for Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) delivery in schools have been implemented around the world. Previous reviews on CSE did not follow the International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education (ITGSE) because CSE is very diverse in terms of population, interventions, settings and outcomes.

Subcutaneous vs intravenous fentanyl for labor pain management: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Labor pain is the most intense pain a woman will experience during her lifetime. Epidural anesthesia is recommended as the most effective method for pain relief, but it has several limitations. Fentanyl has high analgesic potency with short-acting duration, but the large-scale trials that assessed the effectiveness and safety of it for labor pain management are still limited.

Implementing the individualized postpartum care with telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic at tertiary hospital in Thailand.

Objective: This study sought to identify the impact of implementing the new postpartum care (individualized rescheduling postpartum visit) with telemedicine on postpartum services during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted at Srinagarind Hospital, a tertiary hospital in northeast Thailand, to compare patient data before and after implementation. Delivery and postpartum data from May 2019 to December 2020 were retrieved from the hospital database.

The effects of exogenous estrogen in women with SAR-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Study Question: Does exogenous estrogen use affect COVID-19-related mortality in women?

Summary Answer: Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) was associated with a lower likelihood of all-cause fatality related to COVID-19 in postmenopausal women (odds ratio (OR) 0.28, 95% CI 0.18, 0.

Use of contraceptive implants at 12 months in women who intended to undergo immediate versus delayed postpartum insertion following high-risk pregnancy.

Objective: To assess the correlation between the intention to undergo immediate versus delayed postpartum contraceptive implant insertion following high-risk pregnancy, and the proportion of utilization and adverse effects.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women who gave birth after a high-risk pregnancy (according to the criteria defined by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine) and intended to use contraceptive implants. The participants were classified into two groups based on whether they underwent immediate or delayed insertion.

Interventions to increase the uptake of cervical cancer screening in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To identify effective interventions to increase the uptake of cervical cancer screening (CCS) for low-and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: We searched PubMed, CENTRAL, ISI Web of Sciences, Scopus, OVID (Medline), CINAHL, LILACS, CNKI and OpenGrey for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster RCTs conducted in LMICs from January 2000 to September 2021. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, assessed risk of bias and certainty of evidence.

Immediate versus delayed postpartum insertion of contraceptive implant and IUD for contraception.

Background: Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), including intrauterine devices (IUDs) and contraceptive implants, are highly effective, reversible methods of contraception. Providing LARC methods during the postpartum period is important to support contraceptive choice, and to prevent unintended pregnancy and short interpregnancy intervals. Delaying offering contraception to postpartum people until the first comprehensive postpartum visit, traditionally at around six weeks postpartum, may put some postpartum people at risk of unintended pregnancy, either due to loss to follow-up or because of initiation of sexual intercourse prior to receiving contraception.

Issues related to pregnancy, pregnancy prevention and abortion in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a WHO qualitative study protocol.

Introduction: WHO has generated standardised clinical and epidemiological research protocols to address key public health questions for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. We present a standardised protocol with the aim to fill a gap in understanding the needs, attitudes and practices related to sexual and reproductive health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on pregnancy, pregnancy prevention and abortion.

Methods And Analysis Plan: This protocol is a prospective qualitative research, using semi-structured interviews with at least 15 pregnant women at different gestational ages and after delivery, 6 months apart from the first interview.

Effect of semen collection location on semen parameters and fertility outcomes and implications for practice in the COVID-19 era: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and observational studies.

Objective: During the COVID-19 era, semen collection at infertility centers might increase the risk of spreading SARS-CoV-2. Seminal fluid collection at home is an alternative method for preventing this spread. However, there is no conclusion about the effect of home vs clinic semen collection on semen parameters and assisted reproductive technology outcomes.

Luteal phase support for women trying to conceive by intrauterine insemination or sexual intercourse.

Background: Ovulation induction may impact endometrial receptivity due to insufficient progesterone secretion. Low progesterone is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and safety of luteal phase support (LPS) in infertile women trying to conceive by intrauterine insemination or by sexual intercourse.

Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Immediate Postpartum Contraceptive Implant Programs: A Formative Implementation Research.

Objective: This study sought to identify the factors that act as barriers and facilitators to developing and implementing Immediate postpartum (IPP) insertion of contraceptive implants service according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions to explore IPP contraceptive implantation programs implemented in community, regional, and university hospitals in Thailand. The CFIR was used to guide the data collection and analyses.

Health systems analysis and evaluation of the barriers to availability, utilisation and readiness of sexual and reproductive health services in COVID-19-affected areas: a WHO mixed-methods study protocol.

Introduction: COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented increase in demand on health systems to care for people infected, necessitating the allocation of significant resources, especially medical resources, towards the response. This, compounded by the restrictions on movement instituted may have led to disruptions in the provision of essential services, including sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. This study aims to assess the availability of contraception, comprehensive abortion care, sexually transmitted infection prevention and treatment and sexual and gender-based violence care and support services in local health facilities during COVID-19 pandemic.

Immediate versus delayed postabortal insertion of contraceptive implant.

Background: Contraceptive implants are one of the most effective contraceptive methods, providing a long duration of pregnancy protection and a high safety profile. Hence this method is suitable for optimizing the interpregnancy interval, especially for women undergoing abortion. Women who have had abortions are at high risk of rapid repeat pregnancies.

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Quality of Life in Women with Endometrioma.

Purpose: To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of women with endometrioma and explore the associated factors.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2020 and March 2021. A total of 99 women diagnosed with ovarian endometrioma with at least one endometriosis-associated symptom completed the Endometriosis Health Profile 30 (EHP-30) questionnaire for their QoL score before treatment for ovarian endometrioma.

Differences in postpartum contraceptive choices and patterns following low- and high-risk pregnancy.

Objective: To assess the impact of a high-risk pregnancy on postpartum contraceptive planning and use.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women who gave birth in a teaching hospital in 2020. We classified women into 2 groups based on their risk status according to the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine.

Effects of atosiban on uterine peristalsis following frozen embryo transfer: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To compare the effects of atosiban (oxytocin antagonist) on uterine peristalsis and pregnancy outcomes in the frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycle.

Setting: Srinagarind Hospital, a university hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Design: A randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial.

Extragastrointestinal stromal tumor in the rectovaginal septum associated with acute arterial occlusion.

Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) arise from atypical sites, such as the omentum, mesentery, retroperitoneal space, urinary bladder, or rectovaginal septum, and account for fewer than 10% of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Most EGISTs are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, due to the fact that they rarely cause symptoms until they grow to greater than 10 cm in diameter. Common presenting symptoms are a feeling of vaginal fullness and increased urinary frequency.

Effect of sperm selection method by cumulus oophorus complexes and conventional sperm preparation method on sperm quality and DNA fragmentation for assisted reproduction techonology.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of sperm selection using cumulus oophorus complexes (COCs) and conventional sperm preparation methods on sperm quality and DNA fragmentation METHODS: Normal semen samples under the World Health Organization (WHO)'s 2010 eligibility criteria were collected and processed using conventional sperm preparation methods. The prepared sperm were divided into two groups. Spermatozoa in the study group were selected based on their ability to penetrate a layer of COCs.

Interventions for intra-operative pain relief during postpartum mini-laparotomy tubal ligation.

Background: Postpartum mini-laparotomy tubal ligation (PPTL) is a contraceptive method that works by interrupting the patency of the fallopian tubes. Several methods are used for intraoperative pain relief, such as systemic administration of opioids or intraperitoneal instillation of lidocaine.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of and adverse effects associated with interventions for pain relief in women undergoing PPTL.