Assessing changes in the underrepresentation of Blacks, Latinx/Hispanics, and Native American doctoral students in U.S. Geography Programs, and a model for change: the Michigan State University model.

This study used critical race theory to examine the changes in awarding of doctoral degrees in Departments of Geography to American citizens who are Black, Latinx, and/or Native American. Data were obtained from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), 1997-2019. The data show that of 4918 doctoral degrees awarded from 1997 to 2019, only 86 or 1.