Risk of Rabies and Implications for Postexposure Prophylaxis Administration in the US.

Importance: In the US, rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is often administered without a comprehensive and regionally appropriate rabies risk assessment. For low-risk exposures, this can result in patients incurring out-of-pocket expenses or experiencing adverse effects of PEP unnecessarily.

Objective: To use a model to estimate (1) the probability that an animal would test positive for rabies virus (RABV) given that a person was exposed, and (2) the probability that a person would die from rabies given that they were exposed to a suspect rabid animal and did not receive PEP, and to propose a risk threshold for recommending PEP according to model estimates and a survey.

Anti-racist strategies for clinical and translational research: Design, implementation, and lessons learned from a new course.

Translational research should examine racism and bias and improve health equity. We designed and implemented a course for the Master of Science in Clinical Investigation program of the Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute. We describe curriculum development, content, outcomes, and revisions involving 36 students in 2 years of "Anti-Racist Strategies for Clinical and Translational Science.

It should not require a pandemic to make community engagement in research leadership essential, not optional.

Efforts to move community engagement in research from marginalized to mainstream include the NIH requiring community engagement programs in all Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSAs). However, the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed how little these efforts have changed the dominant culture of clinical research. When faced with the urgent need to generate knowledge about prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus, researchers largely neglected to involve community stakeholders early in the research process.

Erratum: Bridging the gap between research, policy, and practice: Lessons learned from academic-public partnerships in the CTSA network - CORRIGENDUM.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1017/cts.2020.

A Community-Engaged Stroke Preparedness Intervention in Chicago.

Background We evaluated a community-engaged stroke preparedness intervention that aimed to increase early hospital arrival and emergency medical services (EMS) utilization among patients with stroke in the South Side of Chicago, Illinois. Methods and Results We compared change in early hospital arrival (<3 hours from symptom onset) and EMS utilization before and after our intervention among patients with confirmed ischemic stroke at an intervention hospital on the South Side of Chicago with concurrent data from 6 hospitals in nonintervention communities on the North Side of Chicago and 17 hospitals in St Louis, Missouri. We assessed EMS utilization for suspected stroke secondarily, using geospatial information systems analysis of Chicago ambulance transports before and after our intervention.

Bridging the gap between research, policy, and practice: Lessons learned from academic-public partnerships in the CTSA network.

A primary barrier to translation of clinical research discoveries into care delivery and population health is the lack of sustainable infrastructure bringing researchers, policymakers, practitioners, and communities together to reduce silos in knowledge and action. As National Institutes of Health's (NIH) mechanism to advance translational research, Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) awardees are uniquely positioned to bridge this gap. Delivering on this promise requires sustained collaboration and alignment between research institutions and public health and healthcare programs and services.

Community Experiences and Perceptions of Clinical and Translational Research and Researchers.

Background: Engaging communities in research is increasingly recognized as critical to translation of research into improved health outcomes. Our objective was to understand community stakeholders' perspectives on researchers, academic institutions, and how community is valued in research.

Methods: A 45-item survey assessing experiences and perceptions of research (trust, community value, equity, researcher preparedness, and indicators of successful engagement) was distributed to 226 community members involved in health research with academic institutions.

Community grand rounds: re-engineering community and academic partnerships in health education-a partnership and programmatic evaluation.

Background: Community participation in population health improvement can assist university researchers in targeting intervention resources more effectively and efficiently, leading to more effective implementation of interventions, because of joint ownership of both process and product. Two academic health centers partnered with community based organizations to develop a bidirectional educational seminar series called "Community Grand Rounds" (CGR), which identified health concerns of Chicago's South Side residents and provided information regarding university and community resources that addressed community health concerns.

Objectives: We evaluated the community consultants' perceptions of the quality and effectiveness of the planning and implementation of the seminars that resulted from the partnership.

Community representatives' involvement in Clinical and Translational Science Awardee activities.

Objectives: To understand the formal roles of community representatives (CRs) in Clinical and Translational Science Awardee (CTSA) activities, to evaluate the extent of integration into the organizational and governance structures and to identify barriers to effective integration.

Methods: The inventory tool was distributed to each of the 60 CTSAs using a secure web application.

Results: Forty-seven (78%) completed the inventory.

Atresia of abdominal aorta in neonate with recanalization and development of normal aortic architecture: case report and review of literature.

This is a case report reviewing the presentation and clinical course of a patient diagnosed with abdominal aortic atresia at the level caudal to the superior mesenteric artery. Patients with abdominal aortic atresia need to be evaluated for associated underlying syndromes or diseases. Although the prognosis for this disease is not well documented in the literature, it is important to follow patients to assess for hypertension, renal insufficiency, or claudication.