Genetic and non-genetic factors influencing efavirenz population pharmacokinetics among human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected children in Ethiopia.

Despite the potential for efavirenz (EFV) to be an effective alternative antiretroviral agent, its sources of wide inter- and intra-individual pharmacokinetic (PK) variability are not well-characterized in children. We investigated the effects of genetic and non-genetic factors, including demographic, treatment duration, baseline clinical, and biochemical characteristics, on the PKs of EFV through population-PK modeling. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve HIV infected children, 3-16 years (n = 100), were enrolled in Ethiopia and received EFV-based combination ART.

Clinicopathological Features and Survival of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Ethiopia: A Multicenter Study.

(1) Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers globally, killing over 700,000 people each year. Despite the rising incidence and mortality rates of HCC in Ethiopia, only few single-centered studies have been conducted; therefore, we aimed to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients with HCC in multicenter settings. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 369 patients with confirmed HCC diagnosed between 2016 and 2021.

Population Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Cyclophosphamide in Ethiopian Breast Cancer Patients.

Cyclophosphamide (CPA) containing chemotherapy regimen is the standard of care for breast cancer treatment in sub-Saharan Africa. Wide inter-individual variations in pharmacokinetics (PK) of cyclophosphamide (CPA) influence the efficacy and toxicity of CPA containing chemotherapy. Data on the pharmacokinetics (PK) profile of CPA and its covariates among black African patients is lacking.

Genotype Predicts Plasma Concentrations of Tamoxifen Metabolites in Ethiopian Breast Cancer Patients.

Tamoxifen displays wide inter-individual variability (IIV) in its pharmacokinetics and treatment outcome. Data on tamoxifen pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics from black African breast cancer patient populations is lacking. We investigated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic profile of tamoxifen and its major active metabolite, endoxifen, in Ethiopian breast cancer patients.

CYP2J27 Genotype Predicts Risk of Chemotherapy-Induced Hematologic Toxicity and Reduced Relative Dose Intensity in Ethiopian Breast Cancer Patients.

Chemotherapy-induced hematologic toxicity is the primary reasons of dose reductions and/or delays, low relative dose intensity (RDI), and predicts anticancer response. We investigated the incidence and predictors of chemotherapy-induced hematologic toxicities and reduced RDI in Ethiopian breast cancer patients, and implication of pharmacogenetics variations. Breast cancer patients ( = 249) were enrolled prospectively to receive cyclophosphamide based chemotherapy.

Vitamin D Status and Association of Genetic Polymorphism to Risk of Breast Cancer in Ethiopia.

Emerging evidence associates vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor () genetic variations with risk for breast cancer. This study investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association with tumor characteristics and the implications of genetic variations for risk of breast cancer in Ethiopia. This unmatched case⁻control study involved 392 female breast cancer patients and 193 controls.