Biochemical Markers in the Prediction of Pregnancy Outcome in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may impact both maternal and fetal/neonatal health. The identification of prognostic indicators for GDM may improve risk assessment and selection of patient for intensive monitoring. The aim of this study was to find potential predictors of adverse pregnancy outcome in GDM and normoglycemic patients by comparing the levels of different biochemical parameters and the values of blood cell count (BCC) between GDM and normoglycemic patients and between patients with adverse and good outcome.

New Imidazodiazepine Analogue, 5-(8-Bromo-6-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-benzo[]imidazo[1,5-][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxazole, Provides a Simplified Synthetic Scheme, High Oral Plasma and Brain Exposures, and Produces Antiseizure Efficacy in Mice, and Antiepileptogenic Activity in Neural Networks in Brain Slices from a Patient with Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

KRM-II-81 (1) is an imidazodiazepine GABA receptor (GABAAR) potentiator with broad antiseizure efficacy and a low sedative burden. A brominated analogue, DS-II-73 (5), was synthesized and pharmacologically characterized as a potential backup compound as KRM-II-81 moves forward into development. The synthesis from 2-amino-5-bromophenyl)(pyridin-2yl)methanone (6) was processed in five steps with an overall yield of 38% and without the need for a palladium catalyst.

Performance analysis of large language models in the domain of legal argument mining.

Generative pre-trained transformers (GPT) have recently demonstrated excellent performance in various natural language tasks. The development of ChatGPT and the recently released GPT-4 model has shown competence in solving complex and higher-order reasoning tasks without further training or fine-tuning. However, the applicability and strength of these models in classifying legal texts in the context of argument mining are yet to be realized and have not been tested thoroughly.

The chemical characterisation of nettle ( L.) seed oil.

The past decade has seen increasing interest in plant oils in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries due to their diverse functional and nutritional properties, as well as the high levels of consumer acceptance. As a result, there has been a spike in research interest in finding new sources of oils with good potential for industrial use. In this paper, the chemical characterisation (saponification, iodine, acid and ester numbers, as well as fatty acid composition) of nettle seed oil was given.

Freeze-dried nanocrystal dispersion of novel deuterated pyrazoloquinolinone ligand (DK-I-56-1): Process parameters and lyoprotectant selection through the stability study.

Recently, nanocrystal dispersions have been considered as a promising formulation strategy to improve the bioavailability of the deuterated pyrazoloquinolinone ligand DK-I-56-1 (7‑methoxy-2-(4‑methoxy-d3-phenyl)-2,5-dihydro-3H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-one). In the current study, the freeze-drying process (formulation and process parameters) was investigated to improve the storage stability of the previously developed formulation. Different combinations of lyoprotectant (sucrose or trehalose) and bulking agent (mannitol) were varied while formulations were freeze-dried under two conditions (primary drying at -10 or -45 °C).

Parenteral Lipid-Based Nanoparticles for CNS Disorders: Integrating Various Facets of Preclinical Evaluation towards More Effective Clinical Translation.

Contemporary trends in combinatorial chemistry and the design of pharmaceuticals targeting brain disorders have favored the development of drug candidates with increased lipophilicity and poorer water solubility, with the expected improvement in delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The growing availability of innovative excipients/ligands allowing improved brain targeting and controlled drug release makes the lipid nanocarriers a reasonable choice to overcome the factors impeding drug delivery through the BBB. However, a wide variety of methods, study designs and experimental conditions utilized in the literature hinder their systematic comparison, and thus slows the advances in brain-targeting by lipid-based nanoparticles.

Diagnostic Tests in the Prediction of Neonatal Outcome in Early Placental Fetal Growth Restriction.

: Monitoring pregnancies with fetal growth restriction (FGR) presents a challenge, especially concerning the time of delivery in cases of early preterm pregnancies below 32 weeks. The aim of our study was to compare different diagnostic parameters in growth-restricted preterm neonates with and without morbidity/mortality and to determine sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic parameters for monitoring preterm pregnancies with early preterm fetal growth restriction below 32 weeks. : Our clinical study evaluated 120 cases of early preterm deliveries, with gestational age ≤ 32 + 0 weeks, with prenatally diagnosed placental FGR.

High amount of lecithin facilitates oral delivery of a poorly soluble pyrazoloquinolinone ligand formulated in lipid nanoparticles: Physicochemical, structural and pharmacokinetic performances.

Preclinical development of deuterated pyrazoloquinolinone ligands, promising drug candidates for various neuropsychiatric disorders, was hindered by unusually low solubility in water and oils. DK-I-60-3 (7-methoxy-d3-2-(4-methoxy-d3-phenyl)-2,5-dihydro-3Hpyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-one) is one of such pyrazoloquinolinones, and we recently reported about increased oral bioavailability of its nanocrystal formulation (NC). Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) with a high concentration of lecithin, which enhances loading capacity of the lipid matrix, may give rise to further improvement.

Uncovering the Reasons Behind COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Serbia: Sentiment-Based Topic Modeling.

Background: Since the first COVID-19 vaccine appeared, there has been a growing tendency to automatically determine public attitudes toward it. In particular, it was important to find the reasons for vaccine hesitancy, since it was directly correlated with pandemic protraction. Natural language processing (NLP) and public health researchers have turned to social media (eg, Twitter, Reddit, and Facebook) for user-created content from which they can gauge public opinion on vaccination.

Assessment of expertise in morphological identification of mosquito species (Diptera, Culicidae) using photomicrographs.

Accurate identification of insect species is an indispensable and challenging requirement for every entomologist, particularly if the species is involved in disease outbreaks. The European MediLabSecure project designed an identification (ID) exercise available to any willing participant with the aim of assessing and improving knowledge in mosquito taxonomy. The exercise was based on high-definition photomicrographs of mosquitoes (26 adult females and 12 larvae) collected from the western Palaearctic.

Behavioural interaction of pyrazoloquinolinone positive allosteric modulators at α6GABA receptors and diazepam in rats: Anti-diazepam-induced ataxia action as a structure-dependent feature.

Several pyrazoloquinolinone (PQ) ligands were recently discovered as functionally selective positive modulators at the PQ site of α6-containing GABA receptors. PQs are also neutral modulators at the benzodiazepine site. We assessed the influence of PQ compounds from three structural groups (PZ-II-029 and related deuterated analogues DK-I-56-1, RV-I-029, DK-I-60-3 and DK-I-86-1; LAU 463 and related analogues DK-I-58-1 and DK-II-58-1; and DK-I-87-1), alone and in combination with diazepam, on the behaviour of male Sprague-Dawley rats.

The Impact of the Oil Phase Selection on Physicochemical Properties, Long-Term Stability, In Vitro Performance and Injectability of Curcumin-Loaded PEGylated Nanoemulsions.

A nanotechnology-based approach to drug delivery presents one of the biggest trends in biomedical science that can provide increased active concentration, bioavailability, and safety compared to conventional drug-delivery systems. Nanoemulsions stand out amongst other nanocarriers for being biodegradable, biocompatible, and relatively easy to manufacture. For improved drug-delivery properties, longer circulation for the nanoemulsion droplets should be provided, to allow the active to reach the target site.

Overcoming the Low Oral Bioavailability of Deuterated Pyrazoloquinolinone Ligand DK-I-60-3 by Nanonization: A Knowledge-Based Approach.

Poor water solubility of new chemical entities is considered as one of the main obstacles in drug development, as it usually leads to low bioavailability after administration. To overcome these problems, the selection of the appropriate formulation technology needs to be based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and introduced in the early stages of drug research. One example of the new potential drug substance with poor solubility is DK-I-60-3, deuterated pyrazoloquinolinone, designed for the treatment of various neuropsychiatric disorders.

Curcumin Loaded PEGylated Nanoemulsions Designed for Maintained Antioxidant Effects and Improved Bioavailability: A Pilot Study on Rats.

The current study describes the experimental design guided development of PEGylated nanoemulsions as parenteral delivery systems for curcumin, a powerful antioxidant, as well as the evaluation of their physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity during the two years of storage. Experimental design setup helped development of nanoemulsion templates with critical quality attributes in line with parenteral application route. Curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions showed mean droplet size about 105 nm, polydispersity index <0.

Nanocrystal dispersion of DK-I-56-1, a poorly soluble pyrazoloquinolinone positive modulator of α6 GABAA receptors: Formulation approach toward improved in vivo performance.

DK-I-56-1 (7‑methoxy‑2-(4‑methoxy‑d-phenyl)-2,5-dihydro-3H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-one), a recently developed deuterated pyrazoloquinolinone, has been recognized as a lead candidate for treatment of various neuropsychiatric disorders. During preclinical investigation of poorly water-soluble compounds such as DK-I-56-1, the application of nanotechnology could be advantageous due to improved safety and possibly increased bioavailability of nanosized formulation. DK-I-56-1 nanosuspensions stabilized by polysorbate 80, alone or in combination with poloxamers 188 i.

Characterization of free and insoluble-bound phenolics of chia ( L.) seeds.

The content, antioxidant activity and composition of free and bound phenolics from chia seeds were investigated. The free phenolics were extracted by using ethanol and methanol of analytical purity, 70% v/v ethanol and by 70% v/v methanol. The bound phenolics were extracted from seeds after alkaline hydrolysis was done.

Executive Functions Rating Scale and Neurobiochemical Profile in HIV-Positive Individuals.

The set of complex cognitive processes, that are necessary for the cognitive control of behavior, known as executive functions (EF), are traditionally associated with the prefrontal cortex and commonly assessed with laboratory based tests and conventional neuroimaging. In an effort to produce a more complete and ecologically valid understanding of executive functioning, the rating scales have been developed in order to assess the behavioral aspects of EF within an everyday real-world context. The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between behavioral aspects of EF measured by rating scale and neurometabolic profile in neurologically asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals under cART, measured using multi-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (mvMRS).

A New Photocatalyst Bismuth Oxo Citrate: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Performance.

  A new photocatalyst bismuth oxo citrate was synthesized by facile precipitation process with calcination at 200 °C. The photocatalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, N2 sorptometry, and elemental analysis. Morphologically, it is composed of polyhedral particles with different, irregular shapes and sizes.

Removal of cationic pollutants from water by xanthated corn cob: optimization, kinetics, thermodynamics, and prediction of purification process.

The removal of Cr(III) ions and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions by xanthated corn cob (xCC) in batch conditions was investigated. The sorption capacity of xCC strongly depended of the pH, and increase when the pH rises. The kinetics was well fitted by pseudo-second-order and Chrastil's model.

A Novel Biosorbent Lagenaria vulgaris Shell - ZrO₂for the Removal of Textile Dye From Water.

A new biosorbent, abbreviated as LVB-ZrO₂, was synthesized by chemically modifying Lagenaria vulgaris shell with ZrO₂. The removal of textile dye RB19 from aqueous solution by LVB-ZrO₂was studied. Characterization by SEM, FTIR and XRD confirmed the chemical modification of the biomaterial, which showed significant improvement of removal efficiency compared with unmodified Lagenaria vulgaris shell.

Identification of intermediates and ecotoxicity assessment during the UV/H2O2 oxidation of azo dye Reactive Orange 16.

Degradation of azo dye Reactive Orange 16, a widely used textile dye, was carried out with UV light in the presence of H2O2. The experiments were conducted in the batch mode using low-pressure mercury lamps, emitting at 253.7 nm.

Analysis of the complete genomes of Acholeplasma brassicae, A. palmae and A. laidlawii and their comparison to the obligate parasites from 'Candidatus Phytoplasma'.

Analysis of the completely determined genomes of the plant-derived Acholeplasma brassicae strain O502 and A. palmae strain J233 revealed that the circular chromosomes are 1,877,792 and 1,554,229 bp in size, have a G + C content of 36 and 29%, and encode 1,690 and 1,439 proteins, respectively. Comparative analysis of these sequences and previously published genomes of A.

Generation and analysis of draft sequences of 'stolbur' phytoplasma from multiple displacement amplification templates.

Phytoplasma-associated diseases are reported for more than 1,000 plant species worldwide. Only a few genome sequences are available in contrast to the economical importance of these bacterial pathogens. A new strategy was used to retrieve phytoplasma strain-specific genome data.

Sclerosing mesenteritis as a rare cause of upper ileus.

Introduction: Sclerosing mesenteritis is a rare pathological entity characterized by non-specific tumor-like expansion in mesentery. Accurate diagnosis of this disease is rarely made preoperatively. Surgery takes place in diagnosis, as well in treatment of the disease.

Current view on phytoplasma genomes and encoded metabolism.

Phytoplasmas are specialised bacteria that are obligate parasites of plant phloem tissue and insects. These bacteria have resisted all attempts of cell-free cultivation. Genome research is of particular importance to analyse the genetic endowment of such bacteria.