What if parental love is conditional …? Children's self-esteem profiles and their relationship with parental conditional regard and self-kindness.

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that low, unstable, or contingent self-esteem negatively affects youth development and is linked to adolescent psychopathology. However, most previous studies have applied variable-oriented approaches, and less is known about the natural combination of self-esteem facets in school-aged adolescents, how parental conditional regard affects self-esteem profiles, and how these profiles relate to self-kindness, self-judgement, and life satisfaction.

Methods: By employing a longitudinal person-oriented approach (i.

The Structure of Academic Self-Concept When Facing Novel Learning Content: Multidimensionality, Hierarchy, and Change.

Academic self-concepts of ability are key factors in promoting education and learning throughout students' school career. Yet we know little about their structure and structural change when students leave high school to face novel academic tasks. The present study investigated the structure and structural change of first-year students' study-related self-concepts of ability.