Human enterococcal isolates as reservoirs for macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin and other resistance genes.

According to recent studies, the importance of MLS (macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin) resistance phenotypes and genes in enterococci are reflected in the fact that they represent reservoirs of MLS resistance genes. The aim of this study was to investigate distribution of MLS resistance genes and phenotypes in community- and hospital-acquired enterococcal isolates and to determine their prevalence. The MLS resistance phenotypes (cMLSb, iMLSb, M/MSb, and L/LSa) were determined in 245 enterococcal isolates were characterized using the double-disc diffusion method.

Quantification of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae and Lactobacillus spp. in bacterial vaginosis.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate prevalence of bacteria most frequently associated with bacterial vaginosis using Amsel's criteria as well as to quantify these bacteria by real-time PCR and to explore the difference in their quantity between healthy and bacterial vaginosis samples.

Methodology: For classification of vaginal discharge samples Amsel's criteria have been used. To detect and quantify Gardnerella vaginalis Atopobium vaginae, Lactobacillus spp.

polymorphism in clopidogrel-treated Montenegrin patients.

Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet drug that displays significant interindividual variability in treatment response. Its bioavailability depends on the function of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is coded by a highly polymorphic gene. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of genetic polymorphism on clopidogrel efficacy and safety and to determine the frequency distribution of its most common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 106 Montenegrin cardiology patients.

Correction: Chronic Hepatitis C: Conspectus of immunological events in the course of fibrosis evolution.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Chlamydia trachomatis screening in resource-limited countries - Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of 3 different assays.

Introduction: Commercially available assays were evaluated in order to determine diagnostic accuracy of Chlamydia trachomatis specific tests for screening.

Methods: The study included 225 sexually active men and women, who were tested for genital chlamydial infection in Institute of Public Health Kragujevac. Three screening tests were used: direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and rapid lateral immunochromatographic test (RT) for qualitative detection of chlamydial antigens and immunoenzyme (ELISA) test for detection of serum levels of anti-chlamydial IgA and IgG antibodies.

Prevalence of Genotypes That Determine Resistance of Staphylococci to Macrolides and Lincosamides in Serbia.

Macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins (MLS) resistance genes are responsible for resistance to these antibiotics in infections. The purpose of the study was to analyze the distribution of the MLS resistance genes in community- and hospital-acquired isolates. The MLS resistance phenotypes [constitutive resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (cMLSb), inducible resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (iMLSb), resistance to macrolide/macrolide-streptogramin B (M/MSb), and resistance to lincosamide-streptogramin A/streptogramin B (LSa/b)] were determined by double-disc diffusion method.

Augmented oxidative stress in infertile women with persistent chlamydial infection.

There is established association between oxidative stress, infections of genital tract and fertility. Genital tract infections may provoke increased production of free radicals and generate oxidative stress that can be involved in pathophysiology of a number of reproductive diseases and complications during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine connection between oxidative stress and infertility associated with persistent chlamydial infection.