Pharmacoeconomic Aspects of Low Back Pain Treatment: Cost of Illness Study in the Republic of Serbia.

Introduction: Chronic diseases with disabilities have a huge pharmacoeconomic impact on the health budget, especially in countries with recent history of social and economic transition. The aim of this study was to identify total costs of treating patients with lumbar pain in medical facilities in the central part of the Republic of Serbia.

Material And Methods: This study was designed as a cost of illness study, using a bottom-up approach and it was conducted from a societal perspective.

Profile of evolocumab and its cost-effectiveness in patients with high cardiovascular risk: literature review.

Evolocumab is fully human monoclonal antibody which binds to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and prevents its blocking effect on recycling of liver low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors. Areas covered: The aim of this review is to assess efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of evolocumab in adult patients with high cardiovascular risk. Major research databases MEDLINE, EBSCO, and CENTRAL were systematically searched for relevant study reports.