A Novel Method to Reconstruct the Upper and Lower Jaws Using 3D-Custom-Made Titanium Implants.

Background: This paper presents a novel method of upper and lower jaw reconstruction using 3D-custom-made titanium implants with abutment-like projections. The implants were designed to rehabilitate the oral and facial shape, esthetic, function, and occlusion.

Patient And Method: A 20-year-old boy was diagnosed as having Gorlin syndrome.

Unusual Presentation of a Large Multilocular Second Branchial Cleft Cyst.

Second branchial cleft cysts (BCCs) are the most common type of branchial abnormalities and usually found high in the neck. Oropharyngeal presence of a BCC is very rare. The authors report a rare case of oropharyngeal, second branchial, multilocular, cleft cyst in a 9-year-old child (8.

Orbital stress analysis, part V: systematic approach to validate a finite element model of a human orbit.

Unlabelled: The progress in computer technology and the increased use of finite element analysis in the medical field by nonengineers and medical researchers lead us to believe that there is a need to develop a systematic approach to validate a finite element model (FEM), of a human orbit, that simulates part of the maxillofacial skeleton and to investigate the effects and the clinical significance of changing the geometry, boundary conditions, that is, muscle forces, and orthotropic material properties on the predictive outcome of an FEM of a human orbit.

Methods: Forty-seven variables affecting the material properties, boundary conditions, and the geometry of an FEM of a human orbit including the globe were systematically changed, creating a number of FEMs of the orbit. The effects of the variations were quantified as differences in the principal strain magnitudes modeled by the original FEM (criterion standard), before the sensitivity analyses, and those generated by the changed FEMs.

Preemptive analgesic effect of low doses of celecoxib is superior to low doses of traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the preemptive analgesic effect of celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, with a traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ibuprofen, in patients after minor oral surgery procedures.

Patients And Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective clinical trial was conducted over an 8-month period. Participants were randomly allocated to receive a standard oral dose of 200 mg celecoxib, 400 mg ibuprofen, or a placebo containing lactose, preemptively 1 h before surgery.

Orbital stress analysis, Part IV: Use of a "stiffness-graded" biodegradable implants to repair orbital blow-out fracture.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a finite element model (FEM) of a human orbit, of 1 patient, who had an orbital blow-out fracture, to study the effect of using a "stiffness-graded" (SG) biodegradable implant on the biomechanics of bone-fracture repair.

Methods: An FEM of the orbit and the globe, of 1 patient who had an orbital blow-out fracture and was treated with biodegradable poly-L/DL-lactide [P(L/DL)LA 70/30], was generated based on computed tomography scan images. Simulations were performed with a computer using a commercially available finite element software.

Orbital stress analysis: part III: biomechanics of orbital blowout fracture repair using bioresorbable poly-L/DL-lactide (P[L/DL]LA 70:30) implant.

Purpose Of The Study: The purpose was to study the biomechanics of bone fracture repair, of the orbital floor, using osteosynthetic bioresorbable implant and how to improve the implant design.

Materials And Methods: A finite element model of the orbit and the globe of 1 patient who experienced orbital blowout fracture and treated with bioresorbable poly-L/DL-lactide (P[L/DL]LA 70:30) implant (PolyMax; Synthes, Oberdorf, Switzerland) was generated based on computed tomographic scans. Simulations were performed with a computer using a commercially available finite element software.

Orbital stress analysis: part II: design and fixation of autogenous bone graft used to repair orbital blowout fracture.

Purpose Of The Study: The purpose of this study was to develop a finite element model (FEM) of a human orbit, who experienced a pure orbital blowout fracture, to study the effect of the geometrical mismatch-induced stresses on the orbital floor/graft interface and how to improve the graft design when restoring the orbital floor.

Materials And Methods: A FEM of the orbit and the globe of 1 patient who experienced pure orbital blowout fracture and treated with autogenous bone graft was generated based on computed tomographic scans. Simulations were performed with a computer using a commercially available finite element software NISA (EMRC, Troy, MI).

Microvascular stress analysis: Part II. Effects of vascular wall compliance on blood flow at the graft/recipient vessel junction.

Purpose: To develop a finite element model (FEM) to study the effect of the vascular wall compliance on blood flow at the graft/recipient vessel junction.

Materials And Methods: Finite element models of the end-to-end and end-to-side anastomoses were constructed. Simulations were performed with a computer using the finite element software NISA.

The cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib and alveolar osteitis.

Purpose Of The Study: The purpose of this study was to report our clinical experience, in a pilot study, of the use of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib, pre-emptively, to control pain in patients after surgical extraction of a mandibular molar tooth.

Patient And Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective clinical trial was conducted over an eight-month period. Participants were randomly allocated to receive a standard oral dose of 200 mg celecoxib, 400 mg ibuprofen, or a placebo containing lactose, pre-emptively, one hour before surgery.

One-stage zygomaticomandibular approach for improved access to the hemimaxilla and the middle base of the skull.

In this report, we describe a 1-stage zygomaticomandibular composite flap for improved access to the retromaxillary space and the base of the skull. The zygoma and the mandible were not detached from the facial musculature or from its overlying tissues, maintaining an optimum bone-soft tissue relationship. The advantage of this approach was the enhanced exposure of the deep lesion, which provided a shorter and wider view to the maxilla, the retromaxillary space, and the base of the skull.

Effects of tissue-engineered articular disc implants on the biomechanical loading of the human temporomandibular joint in a three-dimensional finite element model.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate biomechanical loading of the temporomandibular joint when using a biodegradable laminate implant to replace the articular disc and to test the hypothesis that the use of the implant reduces stress distribution in the condyle, implant, and glenoid fossa. A finite element model of a female human mandible, including the temporomandibular joint, which had two standard endosseous implants inserted bilaterally in the premolar region, was constructed from computed tomography scan images using a commercially available finite element software. The disc, condyle, and glenoid fossa were arbitrarily divided into five regions: the anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, and central.

Biomechanics of the mandible: Part II. Development of a 3-dimensional finite element model to study mandibular functional deformation in subjects treated with dental implants.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to develop a finite element model of the human mandible and to compare the functional deformation predicted by the model with that detected clinically.

Materials And Methods: Three patterns of mandibular deformation (medial convergence, corporal rotation and dorso-ventral shear) were studied clinically in 12 subjects using custom-fabricated displacement transducers mounted on endosseous implants in the premolar region. The mandibular arches of 12 patients with dental implants were modeled using finite element techniques based on computerized tomographic (CT) scan images of the jaw.

WITHDRAWN: Use of platelet rich plasma (PRP) in the reconstruction of mandibular bony defects: Clinical and radiographic follow-up.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of adding platelet rich plasma (PRP) to a particulate autogenous bone graft in the healing of bony defects following ablative surgery to resect malignancies of the mandible. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten patients, who underwent curative surgical therapy for a malignant tumour and who needed reconstruction of the body of the mandible were selected for this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of five patients.

WITHDRAWN: Stereolithography and the use of pre-adapted or fabricated plates for accurate repair of maxillofacial defects.

This article has been withdrawn consistent with Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

Development of a three-dimensional finite element model of a human mandible containing endosseous dental implants. I. Mathematical validation and experimental verification.

The purpose of this study was to mathematically validate and clinically verify a finite element model (FEM) of the human mandible and to compare the functional deformation predicted by the model with that detected clinically. Mandibular surface strain, using 11 single strain gauges, and medial convergence (MC), using a custom-fabricated linear variable differential transformer (LVDT), were recorded in a dried human jaw. The mandible was treated with two endosseous implants, placed bilaterally in the premolar area, and mounted in a rig that simulated natural function of the jaw.

Development of a three-dimensional finite element model of a human mandible containing endosseous dental implants. II. Variables affecting the predictive behavior of a finite element model of a human mandible.

The purpose of this study was to propose a systematic approach to validate a finite element model (FEM) of the human mandible and to investigate the effects of changing the geometry and orthotropic material properties on the FEM predictions. Thirty-eight variables affecting the material properties, boundary conditions, and the geometry of a FEM of a human mandible, including two dental implants, were systematically changed, creating a number of FEMs of the mandible. The effects of the variations were quantified as differences in the principal strain magnitudes modeled by the original FEM (gold standard), prior to the sensitivity analyses, and those generated by the changed FEMs.

Fracture of titanium plates used for mandibular reconstruction following ablative tumor surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify reasons for fracture of titanium mandibular reconstruction plates, when used to bridge lateral mandibular defects after ablative tumor surgery.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen titanium reconstruction plates from sheep mandibles were examined to identify reasons for the plate fractures. The broken plates and the seemingly unbroken plates were examined separately.

Modelling of orbital deformation using finite-element analysis.

The purpose of this study was to develop a three-dimensional finite-element model (FEM) of the human orbit, containing the globe, to predict orbital deformation in subjects following a blunt injury. This study investigated the hypothesis that such deformation could be modelled using finite-element techniques. One patient who had CT-scan examination to the maxillofacial skeleton including the orbits, as part of her treatment, was selected for this study.

A comparative study of 2 implants used to repair inferior orbital wall bony defects: autogenous bone graft versus bioresorbable poly-L/DL-Lactide [P(L/DL)LA 70/30] plate.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare our clinical findings on the use of autogenous bone grafts and bioresorbable poly-L/DL-Lactide [P(L/DL)LA 70/30] implants to repair inferior orbital wall defects.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-nine patients who suffered orbital blow-out fractures with >or=2 cm2 bony defect in the inferior orbital wall took part in the study. Each inferior orbital wall was reconstructed using either an autogenous bone graft or a triangle form plate of P(L/DL)LA 70/30.

Biomechanics of the mandible part I: measurement of mandibular functional deformation using custom-fabricated displacement transducers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure corporal approximation, dorsoventral shear, and corporal rotation in edentulous subjects treated with dental implants, during normal mandibular movements.

Materials And Methods: Three patterns of jaw deformation (corporal approximation [CA], corporal rotation [CR], and dorsoventral [DV] shear) were measured using custom-fabricated displacement transducers in 12 edentulous subjects who had been treated with dental implants. Measurements were made in real time using a multichannel analogue/digital converter and a personal computer for data storage and analysis.

Central adenoid cystic carcinoma of the mandible: case report and literature review of 16 cases.

Central intraosseous adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the mandible, formerly known as cylindroma, is a rare neoplasm with only 16 cases reported in the literature. We describe the diagnosis, etiology, and treatment of a central ACC located in the mandibular premolar region. We also review the literature.

Orbital stress analysis--Part I: Simulation of orbital deformation following blunt injury by finite element analysis method.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a 3-dimensional finite element model (FEM) of the human orbit, housing the globe, to predict orbital deformation in subjects following a blunt injury.

Materials And Methods: A FEM of the human orbit including the eye, fatty tissues, and extraocular muscles was constructed. Simulations were performed with a computer using the finite element software NISA (EMRC, Troy, MI).

Microvascular stress analysis. Part I: simulation of microvascular anastomoses using finite element analysis.

Purpose Of The Study: To develop a finite element model (FEM) to study the effect of the stress and strain, in microvascular anastomoses that result from the geometrical mismatch of anastomosed vessels.

Material And Methods: FEMs of end-to-end and end-to-side anastomoses were constructed. Simulations were made using finite element software (NISA).