A systematic review of follow-up results of additively manufactured customized implants for the pelvic area.

Introduction: While 3D printing of bone models for preoperative planning or customized surgical templating has been successfully implemented, the use of patient-specific additively manufactured (AM) implants is a newer application not yet well established. To fully evaluate the advantages and shortcomings of such implants, their follow-up results need to be evaluated.

Area Covered: This systematic review provides a survey of the reported follow-ups on AM implants used for oncologic reconstruction, total hip arthroplasty both primary and revision, acetabular fracture, and sacrum defects.

Sleep patterns and homeostatic mechanisms in adolescent mice.

Sleep changes were studied in mice (n = 59) from early adolescence to adulthood (postnatal days P19-111). REM sleep declined steeply in early adolescence, while total sleep remained constant and NREM sleep increased slightly. Four hours of sleep deprivation starting at light onset were performed from ages P26 through adulthood (>P60).