Long-Term Functional Outcomes in Military Service Members and Veterans After Traumatic Brain Injury/Polytrauma Inpatient Rehabilitation.

Objective: To determine the effect of the established polytrauma/traumatic brain injury (TBI) infrastructure on immediate posttreatment functional gains, the long-term sustainability of any gains, and participation-related community reintegration outcomes in a baseline cohort of patients 8 years postadmission.

Design: Retrospective review and prospective repeated measures of an inception cohort.

Setting: Polytrauma rehabilitation center (PRC).

Unexpected recovery after robotic locomotor training at physiologic stepping speed: a single-case design.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of walking speed on the emergence of locomotor electromyogram (EMG) patterns in an individual with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), and to determine whether central pattern generator activity during robotic locomotor training (RLT) transfers to volitional EMG activity during overground walking.

Design: Single-case (B-A-B; experimental treatment-withdrawal-experimental treatment) design.

Setting: Freestanding rehabilitation research center.

The impact of hypopituitarism on function and performance in subjects with recent history of traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Primary Objective: To correlate deficient pituitary function with life satisfaction and functional performance in subjects with a recent history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH).

Research Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods And Procedures: Eighteen subjects with TBI and 16 subjects with SAH underwent pituitary hormonal and functional assessments 5-12 months following the event.

Another look at observational studies in rehabilitation research: going beyond the holy grail of the randomized controlled trial.

Horn SD, DeJong G, Ryser DK, Veazie PJ, Teraoka J. Another look at observational studies in rehabilitation research: going beyond the holy grail of the randomized controlled trial. This commentary compares randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical practice improvement (CPI) approaches to study design, evaluates their relative advantages and disadvantages, and discusses their implications for rehabilitation research and evidence-based practice.

Neurotransplantation for patients with subcortical motor stroke: a phase 2 randomized trial.

Object: No definitive treatment exists to restore lost brain function following a stroke. Transplantation of cultured neuronal cells has been shown to be safe and effective in animal models of stroke and safe in a Phase 1 human trial. In the present study the authors tested the usefulness of human neuron transplantation followed by participation in a 2-month stroke rehabilitation program compared with rehabilitation alone in patients with substantial fixed motor deficits associated with a basal ganglia stroke.

Changes in stroke rehabilitation outcomes after the implementation of Japan's long-term care insurance system: a hospital-based study.

Objective: To explore the changes in stroke rehabilitation outcomes after the introduction of Japan's long-term care insurance (LTCI) system.

Design: Stroke patients discharged during a 3-yr period before and after the implementation of LTCI were compared (before-LTCI vs. after-LTCI).