Risk of Serious Adverse Events Associated With Individual Cholinesterase Inhibitors Use in Older Adults With Dementia: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background And Objective: Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are used as first-line pharmacotherapy to manage dementia. However, there are limited data regarding their relative safety. This study evaluated the risk of serious adverse events (SAEs) associated with individual ChEIs in older adults with dementia and also examined sex-based and dose-based effects on this risk.

Risk of overactive bladder associated with cholinesterase inhibitors in dementia.

Background: Although cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are the primary treatment for dementia, they are associated with overactive bladder (OAB), necessitating antimuscarinic use. Limited data exist regarding the risk of OAB across individual ChEIs in dementia. This study evaluated the risk of OAB associated with individual ChEIs in older adults with dementia.

Antimuscarinic Cascade Across Individual Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Older Adults with Dementia.

Background: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) have been associated with an increased risk of starting antimuscarinic treatment to treat overactive bladder (OAB)-an example of a prescribing cascade. Limited comparative data exist regarding the prescribing cascade of antimuscarinics across individual AChEIs in older adults with dementia.

Objective: This study examined the association between individual AChEI use and antimuscarinic cascade in older adults with dementia.

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Evaluate Factors That Influence PharmD Students' Intention to Attend Lectures.

To use the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to evaluate the contribution of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control in predicting students' intention to attend class lectures in a Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) curriculum in which lecture recordings were available. A survey instrument based on the TPB was developed from focus groups with PharmD students. The survey was then distributed to first through third year students at the conclusion of the 2017-2018 academic school year.

Risk of Mortality Associated With Atypical Antipsychotic use: A National Cohort Study of Older Adults With Depression and Parkinson's Disease.

Objectives: This study examined the risk of all-cause-mortality in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) and comorbid depression using inappropriate atypical antipsychotics (AAPs), based on the 2015 American Geriatrics Society Beers criteria.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2007-2010 Minimum Data Set linked Medicare data was conducted using a propensity-matched approach. The cohort included PD patients aged 65 years or older without schizophrenia or bipolar disorder who started AAPs.

Use of Atypical Antipsychotics in Long-Term Care Residents with Parkinson's Disease and Comorbid Depression.

Purpose: According to the 2015 American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Beers criteria, most antipsychotics are inappropriate in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients due to the risk of worsening Parkinsonian symptoms. This study examined the incidence and predictors of inappropriate antipsychotic use among long-term care residents with PD and comorbid depression.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized 2007-2009 Minimum Data Set (MDS) linked to Chronic Condition Warehouse (CCW) Medicare data files involving patients with PD and comorbid depression.

Risk of pneumonia associated with atypical antipsychotic use in nursing home residents with Parkinson's disease.

According to the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Beers criteria, most atypical antipsychotic (AAPs) are inappropriate in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) due to the risk of worsening Parkinsonian symptoms. This study evaluated the risk of pneumonia associated with inappropriate AAP use in elderly nursing home residents with PD. The study population encompassed older adults aged 65 years or older with a diagnosis of PD and with comorbid depression who started the AAP medication.

Care Provision and Prescribing Practices of Physicians Treating Children and Adolescents With ADHD.

Objective: Care provision and prescribing practices of physicians treating children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were compared.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with the 1995-2010 General Electric Centricity Electronic Medical Record database. The sample included children (≤18 years) with newly diagnosed ADHD (ICD-9-CM code 314.

Dispensing inhalers to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on hospital discharge: Effects on prescription filling and readmission.

Purpose: The effects of dispensing inhalers to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on hospital discharge were evaluated.

Methods: Data were collected in 2011-12 for patients with COPD who had hospital orders for the study inhalers (preintervention group) and after implementation of the multidose medication dispensing on discharge (MMDD) service (2013-14) (postintervention group). The primary objective of this study was to assess inhaler adherence and readmission rates before and after MMDD implementation.

Risk of manic switch associated with antidepressant therapy in pediatric bipolar depression.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of manic switch associated with antidepressants in Medicaid-enrolled pediatric patients with bipolar depression.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 2003-2007 Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) data from four geographically diverse states. The study sample included children and adolescents (ages 6-18 years) who had received a diagnosis of bipolar disorder on two or more separate occasions or during a hospital discharge, followed by a diagnosis of depression.

The utilization of psychopharmacological treatment and medication adherence among Medicaid enrolled children and adolescents with bipolar depression.

Background: To examine the psychotropic medication utilization and compare adherence to treatment regimens in pediatric bipolar depression patients.

Methods: 2003-2007 MAX data from four geographically diverse states were used. According to the regimen received by the patients (6-18 years) in the first month after the index bipolar depression diagnosis, patients were categorized into six mutually exclusive groups.

Prevalence and predictors of anticholinergic medication use in elderly nursing home residents with dementia: analysis of data from the 2004 National Nursing Home Survey.

Background: Medications with anticholinergic properties are frequently used in the elderly population. However, evidence suggests that these medications are associated with significant adverse effects and may lead to worsening of cognitive impairment, particularly in elderly patients with dementia.

Objective: To examine the utilization of anticholinergic medications and factors associated with anticholinergic medication use in elderly nursing home patients with dementia.

Extent of functional impairment in children and adolescents with depression.

Objective: Pediatric depression is often associated with clinically significant distress or impairment in school, home and social activities. However, very little is known about the extent of functional impairment in children with depression based on national level data. This study examined the extent of functional impairment in children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years with depression based on 2005-2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data.

Use of antipsychotics among elderly nursing home residents with dementia in the US: an analysis of National Survey Data.

Background: Atypical antipsychotic agents are increasingly being used for the treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. However, recent data suggest that the risk of adverse effects may offset the benefits of atypical agents in patients with dementia.

Objectives: To examine utilization of antipsychotic medications and the factors associated with use of atypical antipsychotics among elderly nursing home residents with dementia.

Outcomes of patients with prostate cancer receiving zoledronic acid or pamidronate for prevention of skeletal-related events.

Study Objective: To determine the relative effectiveness of two bisphosphonates--pamidronate and zoledronic acid--for preventing skeletal-related events (SREs) in patients with prostate cancer metastatic to bone.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Large, tertiary care cancer center.