Tendon Adhesions: A Novel Method of Objectively Measuring Adhesions by Assessing Tendon Glide Through a Soft Tissue Envelope in a Rat Model.

Purpose: To develop a rat model of extra-synovial tendon adhesions that will enable accurate testing of scar barriers and adhesion inhibiting treatments to facilitate future research.

Methods: Thirty-six 6-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to one of the 3 groups of 12. In Group A, the middle one-third portion of the left Achilles tendon was excised.

Porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) vascularises after exposure in open necrotic wounds seen after complex hernia repair.

Biological alternatives to synthetic meshes are increasingly utilised in complex abdominal wall reconstruction. There is a lack of evidence demonstrating that non-cross-linked porcine acellular dermal matrix vascularizes and integrates with human tissue in suboptimal wound conditions. We aimed to evaluate these properties in Strattice™ (Life Cell Inc.

Radiographic markers of femoroacetabular impingement: correlation of herniation pit and femoral bump with a positive cross-over ratio.

Introduction. The goal of this study was to research the association of femoral bumps and herniation pits with the overlap-ratio of the cross-over sign. Methods.

A modified approach to component separation using biologic graft as a load-sharing onlay reinforcement for the repair of complex ventral hernia.

Background: Components separation has been proposed as a means to close large ventral hernia without undue tension. We report a modification on open components separation that allows for the incorporation of onlaid noncrosslinked porcine acellular dermal matrix (Strattice, LifeCell Corp, Branchburg, NJ) as a load-sharing structure.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series including all cases using Strattice from July 2008 through December 2009.

Pectoralis major turnover versus advancement technique for sternal wound reconstruction.

Background: We compared the efficacy of pectoralis turnover versus advancement technique for sternal wound reconstruction.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed, December 1989 to December 2010, to compare postoperative complication rates between pectoralis major turnover versus pectoralis major advancement reconstruction techniques. Complications included hematomas, wound infections, tissue necrosis, dehiscence, and need for reoperation.

Poland syndrome with extracorporeal intercostal liver herniation and thoracic myelomeningocele.

Poland syndrome is characterized by hypoplastic unilateral chest wall structures. These chest wall deformities may be associated with upper extremity anomalies. The association of Poland syndrome with either intercostal liver herniation or a spinocerebral deformity has been described, but there is no report of both findings encountered simultaneously.

Z-mammaplasty: a novel concept in mastopexy.

Background: The inverted-T technique is the most popular skin pattern used for mastopexy, but short scar variations have increased in popularity over recent years. With respect to nipple elevation, superior, superomedial, medial, inferior, lateral, and central pedicle designs have been described.

Objectives: We introduce a novel concept for mastopexy, the glandular Z-mammaplasty, and assess its anatomic and technical feasibility.

Transoral submucosal resection of the inferior turbinate: a novel approach to functional rhinoplasty.

Background: In the presence of turbinate dysfunction, an inferior turbinectomy for persistent hypertrophy of bone and/or mucosa may be performed. We sought to explore anatomic feasibility of a transoral turbinectomy.

Methods: After transoral inferior turbinectomy in 12 cadavers, average distances from the external nasal valve to inferior turbinate and from pyriform aperture to inferior turbinate were compared.

The sentinel fat pads: the relationship of the ROOF and SOOF to the temporal nerve in facial rejuvenation.

Background: A great number of studies have reported on the temporal branch anatomy and its relationship to the fascial layers and various fat pads of the temporal region, but no article has included information on the relationship of the temporal nerve to the retro-orbicularis oculi fat (ROOF) and/or the suborbicularis oculi fat (SOOF).

Objectives: The authors report the results of a series of human cadaver temporal nerve dissections, with particular attention paid to its relation to the ROOF and the SOOF. The results of a literature review and a subsequent open browlift are also reported to confirm the results of the cadaver study.

Prevention of 3 "never events" in the operating room: fires, gossypiboma, and wrong-site surgery.

Background: This study sought to identify and provide preventative recommendations for potentially devastating safety violations in the operating room.

Methods: A Medline database search from 1950 to current using the terms patient safety and operating room was conducted. All topics identified were reviewed.

Characterization of quinolinate synthases from Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Pyrococcus horikoshii indicates that [4Fe-4S] clusters are common cofactors throughout this class of enzymes.

Quinolinate synthase (NadA) catalyzes a unique condensation reaction between iminoaspartate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate, affording quinolinic acid, a central intermediate in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Iminoaspartate is generated via the action of l-aspartate oxidase (NadB), which catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of NAD in most prokaryotes. NadA from Escherichia coli was hypothesized to contain an iron-sulfur cluster as early as 1991, because of its observed labile activity, especially in the presence of hyperbaric oxygen, and because its primary structure contained a CXXCXXC motif, which is commonly found in the [4Fe-4S] ferredoxin class of iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins.

The activity of Escherichia coli cyclopropane fatty acid synthase depends on the presence of bicarbonate.

Cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) synthases catalyze the formation of cyclopropane rings on isolated and unactivated olefinic bonds within various fatty acids; the methylene carbon is derived from the activated methyl group of (S)-adenosylmethionine. The E. coli enzyme is the prototype for this class of enzymes, which include the cyclopropane mycolic acid (CMA) synthases, which are potential targets for the design of antituberculosis agents.

Escherichia coli quinolinate synthetase does indeed harbor a [4Fe-4S] cluster.

Quinolinic acid is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide-containing redox cofactors. The ultimate step in the formation of quinolinic acid in prokaryotes is the condensation of iminosuccinate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate, which is catalyzed by the product of the nadA gene in Escherichia coli. A combination of UV-vis, Mössbauer, and EPR spectroscopies, along with analytical methods for the determination of iron and sulfide, demonstrates for the first time that anaerobically purified quinolinate synthetase (NadA) from E.