Exposure of progressive immune dysfunction by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have reduced seroconversion rates and lower binding antibody (Ab) and neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers than healthy individuals following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination. Here, we dissected vaccine-mediated humoral and cellular responses to understand the mechanisms underlying CLL-induced immune dysfunction.

Methods And Findings: We performed a prospective observational study in SARS-CoV-2 infection-naïve CLL patients (n = 95) and healthy controls (n = 30) who were vaccinated between December 2020 and June 2021.

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination exposes progressive adaptive immune dysfunction in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients have lower seroconversion rates and antibody titers following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, but the reasons for this diminished response are poorly understood. Here, we studied humoral and cellular responses in 95 CLL patients and 30 healthy controls after two BNT162b2 or mRNA-2173 mRNA immunizations. We found that 42% of CLL vaccinees developed SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), while 32% had no response.

Visual teaching aids improve patient understanding and reduce anxiety prior to a colectomy.

Background: Informed consent forms consist of large blocks of written information that may be difficult for patients to understand. Visual teaching aids are promising, however, they have not been studied as a pre-operative educational tool for common surgical procedures. We pilot tested the use of a visual teaching aid during the informed consent process for a colectomy.

1H NMR study of hydrogen abstraction in model compound mimics of polymers.

Small molecules representing common synthetic polymers were subjected to photochemically induced hydrogen abstraction by benzophenone. Reactions were monitored using (1) H NMR to query the factors that influence preferential abstraction of protons in unique chemical environments. Differences in bond dissociation energies do not fully explain the observed hydrogen abstraction preferences.

Do grossly identifiable ganglia lie along the spinal accessory nerve? A gross and histologic study with potential neurosurgical significance.

Objective: To elucidate further the anatomy of focal enlargements that have been observed along the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) as it courses within the posterior cranial fossa.

Methods: Dissection of the posterior cranial fossa was performed on 27 adult cadavers with attention to the SAN and any focal enlargements associated with it.

Results: Grossly, four specimens (14.

Morphometry of the outlet of the foramen magnum in crania with atlantooccipital fusion.

Objective: Assimilation of the atlas to the occiput may result in symptoms that are often compressive in nature around the outlet of the foramen magnum. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the morphological features of the bone through this foramen.

Methods: Thirteen adult skulls with atlantooccipital fusion underwent morphometrical analysis of the outlet of the foramen magnum.

Adiabatic ring opening in tethered naphthalene and anthracene cycloadducts.

The cycloadducts of tethered naphthalene and anthracene derivatives undergo photochemical ring opening to an electronically excited product with adiabatic yields up to 90%.

Nonradiative deactivation of singlet oxygen ((1)O2) by cubane and its derivatives.

The bimolecular quenching rate constants of singlet oxygen ((1)O2) by cubane and cubane derivatives were determined and found to be in the order of 10(3)-10(4) M(-1) s(-1). These values represent larger values than expected for aliphatic alkanes as a model for C-H vibrational deactivation. This result is explained by the occurrence of two different deactivation mechanisms: energy transfer to cubane C-H vibrational modes and the formation of a charge-transfer complex between (1)O2 and cubane ((1)O2(*-).

Experimental and theoretical investigations of the He...I2 rovibronic spectra in the I2 B-X, 20-0 region.

The laser-induced fluorescence and action spectra of I2 in a helium supersonic expansion have been recorded in the I2 B-X, 20-0 region. Two features are identified within the spectra. The lower-energy feature arises from transitions between states that are localized in a T-shaped conformation on both the X- and B-state potentials.