In vitro impacts of glyphosate on manatee lymphocytes.

Exposure to contaminants, such as the herbicide glyphosate, can suppress protective immune functions. Glyphosate is the herbicide most used worldwide and has been found in the plasma of more than 50 % of the Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) and all-year-round in their aquatic environment. Our objectives were to analyze the consequences of glyphosate exposure on their immune responses via T-lymphocyte proliferation assays and transcriptomics.

Protective immunity enhanced vaccine vectors delivering antigens reduce stomach colonization in mice.

is a major cause of gastric mucosal inflammation, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Emerging antimicrobial-resistant has hampered the effective eradication of frequent chronic infections. Moreover, a safe vaccine is highly demanded due to the absence of effective vaccines against .

Therapeutic effects of equine amniotic membrane suspension on corneal re-epithelialization and haze in a modified lagomorph ex vivo wound healing model.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of topical equine amniotic membrane (eAM) suspension following corneal wounding in a controlled experimental setting.

Procedures: Equine amniotic membrane was collected, gamma irradiated, homogenized for topical suspension preparation, and cryopreserved. Corneoscleral rims harvested from fresh rabbit globes were wounded via keratectomy and were maintained in an air-liquid interface ex vivo corneal culture model.

Retrospective analysis of ocular disease in a population of captive pteropodid bats, 2003-2020.

Objective: To perform retrospective analysis of captive pteropodid bats presented to the University of Florida for ocular or adnexal disease from 2003-2020.

Animals Studied: Twenty-four individuals from seven species were included.

Procedures: Records were analyzed for disease process, methods of treatment, and surgical techniques and complications.

Retrobulbar embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes in a golden retriever dog.

Although rare, embryonal tumors (previously called primitive neuroectodermal tumors) should be considered in the differential diagnosis of retrobulbar tumors in dogs regardless of the age of the patient, and ancillary tests are required for definitive diagnosis.

Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma Associated with Arterial Thromboembolism in a Cat.

A 14-year-old, neutered male domestic shorthair cat presented for acute monoparesis with physical exam findings and biochemical data supportive of a distal arterial thromboembolism. Thoracic radiographs revealed an alveolar pattern in the right middle lung lobe and multifocal nodules in other lung lobes. A pulmonary mass was found on necropsy, which was composed of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, confirmed with cytokeratin and vimentin immunohistochemistry.

Laparoscopic gonadectomy in a dog with 78,XX/78,XY chimerism and underdeveloped reproductive organs.

Case Description: A 1-year-old externally sexually intact female Great Dane was referred for further evaluation of abnormal and underdeveloped internal reproductive organs.

Clinical Findings: Physical examination findings included a cranioventrally displaced vulva and a grade 2/6 left apical systolic heart murmur. No uterus or ovaries were identified during abdominal ultrasonography.

Oral therapy with colonization factor antigen I prevents development of type 1 diabetes in Non-obese Diabetic mice.

Antigen (Ag)-specific tolerization prevents type 1 diabetes (T1D) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice but proved less effective in humans. Several auto-Ags are fundamental to disease development, suggesting T1D etiology is heterogeneous and may limit the effectiveness of Ag-specific therapies to distinct disease endotypes. Colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) fimbriae from Escherichia coli can inhibit autoimmune diseases in murine models by inducing bystander tolerance.

Regulating colonic dendritic cells by commensal glycosylated large surface layer protein A to sustain gut homeostasis against pathogenic inflammation.

Microbial interaction with the host through sensing receptors, including SIGNR1, sustains intestinal homeostasis against pathogenic inflammation. The newly discovered commensal Propionibacterium strain, P. UF1, regulates the intestinal immunity against pathogen challenge.

Primary leptomeningeal gliomatosis in a domestic shorthaired cat.

A 15-y-old neutered male domestic shorthaired cat was presented with a 16-d history of hindlimb paralysis in conjunction with 1-wk duration of inappetence and lethargy. Given intractable clinical signs, development of seizures, and poor prognosis, euthanasia was elected. Gross examination revealed mild, chronic, multifocal intervertebral disk disease; however, no gross abnormalities were noted in the spinal cord.

Anatomic characterization of pulmonary accessory fissures in canine cadavers.

Accessory fissures in the lungs are well described in humans, considered a normal finding, being identified in 60% of autopsied lungs, and more prevalent in the right lung (Gesase, ; Nene, Gajendra, & Sarma, 2011). In dogs, interlobar fissures are well recognized, but there is the lack of anatomic characterization for accessory fissures in the accessible literature. The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the prevalence and to describe the anatomic localization of accessory fissures.

GRANULOMATOUS ENCEPHALOMYELITIS IN A FALSE GHARIAL (TOMISTOMA SCHLEGELII) ASSOCIATED WITH A NOVEL CHLAMYDIA SPECIES.

A 5-yr-old, captive, hatched, female false gharial (Tomistoma schlegelii) presented with a 1-mo history of cervical spinal curvature. Antemortem diagnostics, including blood work, electromyography, muscle biopsies, and advanced imaging tests, were either within reference ranges or did not identify any specific etiology. Necropsy revealed extensive, marked, chronic granulomatous encephalomyelitis along with neuronal necrosis, rarefaction, gliosis, and astrocytosis of the white and gray matter of the cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord.

Clinical behavior of intraocular teratoid medulloepithelioma in two-related Quarter Horses.

The objective of this paper is to describe clinical behavior, histopathologic features, and immunohistochemical staining of two-related horses with intraocular teratoid medulloepithelioma. Two-related Quarter Horses with similar intraocular masses presented to the UF-CVM Comparative Ophthalmology Service for evaluation and treatment. The first horse, a 3-year-old gelding, had glaucoma and a cyst-like mass in the anterior chamber.

Functional metastatic parathyroid adenocarcinoma in a dog.

A 12-year-old dachshund dog was presented for persistent hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism despite bilateral parathyroidectomy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head, neck, and cranial mediastinum identified an increased number of cranial mediastinal lymph nodes with heterogeneous signal intensity. Hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism resolved after surgery to remove multiple cranial mediastinal lymph nodes, one of which contained presumed metastatic parathyroid tissue.

Effects of aurothiomalate treatment on canine osteosarcoma in a murine xenograft model.

Osteosarcoma is a highly fatal cancer, with most patients ultimately succumbing to metastatic disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the antirheumatoid drug aurothiomalate on canine and human osteosarcoma cells and on canine osteosarcoma growth and metastasis in a mouse xenograft model. We hypothesized that aurothiomalate would decrease osteosarcoma cell survival, tumor cellular proliferation, tumor growth, and metastasis.

Radiographic characterization of presumed plate-like atelectasis in 75 nonanesthetized dogs and 15 cats.

Discrete discoid or linear areas of increased soft opacity have been observed within the pulmonary parenchyma in thoracic radiographs of dogs and cats. Similar radiographic findings have been described in humans and termed plate-like atelectasis. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe locations and characteristics of presumed plate-like atelectasis, presence of concurrent thoracic disease(s), and presence of persistent pulmonary changes on recheck thoracic radiographic studies in a cohort of dogs and cats.

Colonic immune stimulation by targeted oral vaccine.

Background: Currently, sufficient data exist to support the use of lactobacilli as candidates for the development of new oral targeted vaccines. To this end, we have previously shown that Lactobacillus gasseri expressing the protective antigen (PA) component of anthrax toxin genetically fused to a dendritic cell (DC)-binding peptide (DCpep) induced efficacious humoral and T cell-mediated immune responses against Bacillus anthracis Sterne challenge.

Methodology/principal Finding: In the present study, we investigated the effects of a dose dependent treatment of mice with L.

Medium-grade astrocytoma in a cougar (Puma concolor).

A 17-year-old, male castrated cougar (Puma concolor) was presented minimally responsive and severely depressed, with bilateral mydriasis and absent pupillary light response. On gross examination of the brain, there was a tan-to-gray, invasive mass with a central cavitation on the ventral aspect in the left cerebral hemisphere, rostral to the caudate nucleus. On histopathologic examination, the mass was composed of sheets of medium-sized, round-to-polygonal cells that were multifocally separated by islands of neuropil.

Utilization of feline ELISPOT for mapping vaccine epitopes.

A commercial feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vaccine consisting of inactivated dual-subtype viruses was released in the USA in 2002 and released subsequently over the next 6 years in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan. Based on the genetic, morphologic, and biochemical similarities between FIV and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), FIV infection of domestic cats is being used as a small animal model of HIV/AIDS vaccine. Studies on prototype and commercial FIV vaccines provide new insights to the types of immunity and the vaccine epitopes required for an effective human HIV-1 vaccine.

Atypical fibrosarcomas derived from cutaneous ganglion cell-like cells in 2 domestic Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus).

Androgen-dependent atypical fibromas are benign tumors derived from ganglion-cell-like cells that are particular to Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). Masses excised from 2 hamsters were composed of pleomorphic ganglion cell-like cells supported by small to moderate amounts of collagenous matrix. Intracytoplasmic fibrils were present in silver-stained sections, and immunohistochemistry showed that the cells expressed vimentin, androgen receptor, and, in one case, estrogen receptor α.