Alpha-synuclein preformed fibril-induced aggregation and dopaminergic cell death in cathepsin D overexpression and ZKSCAN3 knockout mice.

α-synuclein accumulation is recognized as a prominent feature in the majority of Parkinson's disease cases and also occurs in a broad range of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease. It has been shown that α-synuclein can spread from a donor cell to neighboring cells and thus propagate cellular damage, antagonizing the effectiveness of therapies such as transplantation of fetal or iPSC derived dopaminergic cells. As we and others previously have shown, insufficient lysosomal function due to genetic mutations or targeted disruption of cathepsin D can cause α-synuclein accumulation.

The past, present, and future of consumer research.

In this article, we document the evolution of research trends (concepts, methods, and aims) within the field of consumer behavior, from the time of its early development to the present day, as a multidisciplinary area of research within marketing. We describe current changes in retailing and real-world consumption and offer suggestions on how to use observations of consumption phenomena to generate new and interesting consumer behavior research questions. Consumption continues to change with technological advancements and shifts in consumers' values and goals.

Autonomy in consumer choice.

We propose that autonomy is a crucial aspect of consumer choice. We offer a definition that situates autonomy among related constructs in philosophy and psychology, contrast actual with perceived autonomy in consumer contexts, examine the resilience of perceived autonomy, and sketch out an agenda for research into the role of perceived autonomy in an evolving marketplace increasingly characterized by automation.

Perceived momentum influences responsibility judgments.

This work examined how people judge the responsibility of sequential events (e.g., correct/incorrect guesses) for overall outcomes (e.

Beliefs about the controllability of social characteristics and children's jealous responses to outsiders' interference in friendship.

Although some jealous children respond to outsider interference in friendships with problem solving and discussion, others withdraw from the relationship or retaliate against the friends or others. Beliefs about the nature of social characteristics are proposed as an explanation for behavioral heterogeneity in response to jealous provocation. Based on learned helplessness theory and research on children's implicit personality theories, children who subscribed strongly to the belief that social characteristics are fixed and that social outcomes are uncontrollable (high entity beliefs), were expected to more strongly endorse asocial and antisocial responses and less strongly endorse prosocial responses to outsider interference than children who did not have strong entity beliefs, depending on their internal versus external attributions of blame.

Characterization and Etiology of Swollen Muzzles in Irradiated Mice.

Several investigators performing bone marrow transplantation studies have previously reported sporadic increases in mortality that were associated with pronounced swelling in the face, head and neck of mice. Over the past few years, we and others have noted an increasing number of experiments in which mice that have received total-body irradiation (TBI) or partial-body irradiation (PBI) develop swollen muzzles, drastic thickening of the upper lip and redness, bruising and/or swelling around the nose and muzzle and sometimes over the top of the head. We refer to this rapid and extreme swelling after irradiation as swollen muzzle syndrome (SMS).

Spinal Anesthesia in 2 Consecutive Cesarean Deliveries in a Parturient With Type 3 von Willebrand Disease: A Case Report.

Type 3 von Willebrand disease is a rare and severe inherited bleeding disorder that carries an elevated risk for epidural and spinal hematoma as well as pregnancy-associated complications. Neuraxial anesthesia in these patients is controversial but may be considered if the parturient has received appropriate factor replacement. We present the case of a woman with type 3 von Willebrand disease and a severe bleeding history that underwent successful spinal anesthesia during successive cesarean deliveries.

Correction to: Residual Renal Function and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Pilot Study.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in the article title. The correct article title is "Residual Renal Function and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Pilot Study".

Residual Renal Function and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea is common in patients with end-stage renal disease, and there is increasing evidence that clinical factors specific to end-stage renal disease contribute pathophysiologically to obstructive sleep apnea. It is not known whether circumstances specific to dialysis modality, in this case peritoneal dialysis, affect obstructive sleep apnea. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in the peritoneal dialysis population and the relevance of dialysis-specific measures and kidney function in assessing this bidirectional relationship.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Gestational Diabetes: A Pilot Study of the Role of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis.

Study Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in pregnancy is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This propensity toward heightened insulin resistance in OSA patients has not been well characterized and may be related to dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The aim of this study was to (1) assess the prevalence of OSA in pregnant women with GDM, (2) evaluate whether HPA axis dysregulation relates to OSA, and (3) investigate the relation between insulin resistance and OSA.

Sources and Implications of Maternal Accuracy About Young Adolescents' Vulnerability to Friendship Jealousy.

To assist effectively with social difficulties, parents must accurately understand the peer situations that are difficult for their child. Mothers' insight into their young adolescent's vulnerability to friendship jealousy was assessed by posing identical vignettes to 72 young adolescents and their mothers and matching their responses. Mothers and children also completed questionnaires on their relationship and the child's adjustment.

Cone-beam Computed Tomography Uses in Clinical Endodontics: Observer Variability in Detecting Periapical Lesions.

Introduction: The accurate interpretation of a cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) volume is critical in identifying the presence of disease correctly and consistently. The aim of this clinical study was to determine the effect of experience level on the detection of periapical lesions in CBCT volumes.

Methods: CBCT volumes of 22 maxillary molars were interpreted by 3 endodontic faculty, 3 endodontic residents, and 3 dental students.

Second Mesiobuccal Canal Treatment in a Predoctoral Dental Clinic: A Retrospective Clinical Study.

The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the location and treatment of second canals in mesiobuccal roots (MB2) of first and second maxillary molars in a predoctoral endodontic clinic by the graduating classes of 2008 to 2015. These results were compared to similar clinical studies. Included in the study were 368 root canal treatments performed by 310 third- and fourth-year dental students at one U.

Staying the course: the option of doing nothing and its impact on postchoice persistence.

Individuals regularly face adversity in the pursuit of goals that require ongoing commitment. Whether or not individuals persist in the face of adversity greatly affects the likelihood that they will achieve their goals. We argue that a seemingly minor change in the individual's original choice set-specifically, the addition of a no-choice option-will increase persistence along the chosen path.

Characteristic Processes in Close Peer Friendships of Preterm Infants at Age 12.

Close friendships become important at middle-school age and are unexplored in adolescents born prematurely. The study aimed to characterize friendship behaviors of formerly preterm infants at age 12 and explore similarities and differences between preterm and full-term peers on dyadic friendship types. From the full sample of N=186, one hundred sixty-six 12-year-old adolescents (40 born full term, 126 born preterm) invited a close friend to a 1.

Establishing a murine model of the hematopoietic syndrome of the acute radiation syndrome.

The authors have developed a murine model of the Hematopoietic Syndrome of the Acute Radiation Syndrome (H-ARS) for efficacy testing of medical countermeasures (MCM) against radiation according to the FDA Animal Rule. Ten- to 12-wk-old male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to the LD50/30-LD70/30 dose of total body irradiation (TBI, (137)Cs, 0.62-0.

Bioinformatics and the undergraduate curriculum essay.

Recent advances involving high-throughput techniques for data generation and analysis have made familiarity with basic bioinformatics concepts and programs a necessity in the biological sciences. Undergraduate students increasingly need training in methods related to finding and retrieving information stored in vast databases. The rapid rise of bioinformatics as a new discipline has challenged many colleges and universities to keep current with their curricula, often in the face of static or dwindling resources.

Chest pain in a young soldier.

Chest pain is a common complaint in the primary care setting. During the evaluation of this complaint, most efforts are directed toward eliminating the most serious causes of chest pain. Despite a complete evaluation, many patients never receive a formal diagnosis for their complaints, which can lead to frustration and continued symptoms, which can in turn affect mission readiness of a unit.

The role of inflexible friendship beliefs, rumination, and low self-worth in early adolescents' friendship jealousy and adjustment.

Two focal social cognitive processes were evaluated in a structural model for their direct and indirect roles in early adolescents' jealousy surrounding their closest friend in a sample of 325 early adolescents (169 girls and 156 boys) ages 11-14 years. Individuals who are rigid and unrealistic about meeting their friendship needs were more vulnerable to feelings of jealousy than individuals who think more flexibly. Inflexible individuals also engage in more jealousy-driven surveillance and other problem behavior towards their friends.

Radiographic assessment of lumbar facet distance spacing and spondylolysis.

Study Design: Spondylolytic defects at L5 are influenced by insufficient differential spacing between the inferior articular facets of L4 and superior facets of S1. These structures then impinge on the intervening L5 pars interarticularis during hyperlordosis, contributing to fracture and resorption of the pars.

Objectives: Articular facet spacing was evaluated on clinical radiographs of normal and spondylolytic patients.

Effect of post-hypoxic reoxygenation on DNA fragmentation in cortical neuronal nuclei of newborn piglets.

Previous studies have shown an increased fragmentation of genomic DNA following hypoxia in cortical neuronal nuclei of newborn piglets. The present study tests the hypothesis that DNA fragmentation following hypoxia persists during reoxygenation in cortical neuronal nuclei of newborn piglets. To test this hypothesis, DNA fragmentation was assessed in 36 newborn piglets divided into six groups: normoxic (Nx), hypoxic (Hx) and hypoxic/reoxygenated for 6, 12, 24h and 7 days.

Friendship jealousy in young adolescents: individual differences and links to sex, self-esteem, aggression, and social adjustment.

Children's vulnerability to jealousy surrounding their best friends was explored in 2 studies. Study 1 involved 94 adolescents who reported on their friendship jealousy on a newly created measure. Results indicated that the jealousy measure had sound psychometric properties and produced individual differences that were robust over time and free from socially desirable responding.