Patient-Directed Vasectomy Information: How Readable Is It?

Purpose: To assess the quality and readability of online health information on vasectomy using validated readability and quality assessment tools.

Materials And Methods: The top 50 search results for "vasectomy" on Google, Bing, and Yahoo were selected. Duplicate links, advertisements, blog posts, paid webpages, and information intended for healthcare providers were excluded.

Association of Surgical Approach and Urinary Diversion in Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer With Costs and Readmission: Results From a Large Private Health Insurance Cohort.

Introduction: We sought to assess the comparative hospital outcomes and costs among a population-based cohort of bladder cancer patients by surgical approach and diversion.

Methods: From a privately insured national database, we identified all bladder cancer patients who underwent open or robotic radical cystectomy and ileal conduit or neobladder from 2010 to 2015. The primary outcomes were length of stay, readmissions, and total health care costs at 90 days from surgery.

Reactive Arthritis Resulting From Postoperative Complications of Third Molar Extraction: A Case Report.

The role of bacterial infections as potential triggers for chronic rheumatic diseases is well-documented. Oral infections such as periodontitis may play a particularly important role in the development of autoimmune diseases, with the oral cavity serving as a reservoir for pathogenic bacteria. These bacteria may trigger dysregulatory immune responses through mechanisms like molecular mimicry, whereby bacterial peptides resemble self-peptides.

Geographic Variation of Infectious Complications Following Prostate Biopsy in The United States: Results From a Population-Based Cohort of Privately Insured Patients.

Objective: To elucidate regional trends of infectious complications following transrectal ultrasound prostate biopsy (TRUS-PB) from a national, privately-insured database.

Matereial And Methods: Using Market Scan, we identified all men who underwent TRUS-PB from 2010 to 2015. Infectious complications (UTI, prostatitis, sepsis) occurring 30 days after the prostate biopsy from emergency room (ER) visits or hospital admissions constituted the primary outcomes.

National trends in clinical and pathologic staging for upper tract urothelial carcinoma: Implications for neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Introduction: With growing support of perioperative chemotherapy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), current biopsy methods are challenging, and little is known as to the degree to which patients would appropriately receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) from biopsy alone. Herein, we sought to assess the rates of appropriate clinical use of NAC and identify clinicopathologic factors associated with aggressive UTUC amongst patients undergoing radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for clinically localized disease.

Methods: From 2004 to 2013, we identified all treatment naïve patients diagnosed with clinically localized, high grade UTUC (cTa-4Nx) who underwent RNU from the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Ultrasound guided ureteroscopy in children: Safety and success.

Introduction: Ureteroscopy has been shown to be a highly efficacious and safe modality for the treatment of pediatric urolithiasis. However, conventional ureteroscopy relies on fluoroscopy for intraoperative guidance, exposing both patient and operating room personnel to ionizing radiation. Pediatric urolithiasis patients are at a particularly increased risk from this radiation exposure.

Use of Ultrasound in Pediatric Renal Stone Diagnosis and Surgery.

Pediatric urolithiasis is on the rise globally and incidence rates have risen by 6-10% annually over the past couple of decades. Given the increasing incidence, high likelihood of recurrence, and long life expectancy of children, the use of ionizing radiation in the diagnosis, management, and follow up of pediatric urolithiasis has been scrutinized recently and many institutions and organizations have emphasized the use of non-ionizing imaging modality such as ultrasound. This review examines the use of ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric urolithiasis.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin and interleukin-4 mediate the pathogenesis of halothane-induced liver injury in mice.

Unlabelled: Liver eosinophilia has been associated with incidences of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) for more than 50 years, although its role in this disease has remained largely unknown. In this regard, it was recently shown that eosinophils played a pathogenic role in a mouse model of halothane-induced liver injury (HILI). However, the signaling events that drove hepatic expression of eosinophil-associated chemokines, eotaxins, eosinophil infiltration, and subsequent HILI were unclear.

Requirement for antiapoptotic MCL-1 in the survival of BCR-ABL B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The response of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph(+)) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to treatment by BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been disappointing, often resulting in short remissions typified by rapid outgrowth of drug-resistant clones. Therefore, new treatments are needed to improve outcomes for Ph(+) ALL patients. In a mouse model of Ph(+) B-lineage ALL, MCL-1 expression is dysregulated by the BCR-ABL oncofusion protein, and TKI treatment results in loss of MCL-1 expression prior to the induction of apoptosis, suggesting that MCL-1 may be an essential prosurvival molecule.

Eosinophils mediate the pathogenesis of halothane-induced liver injury in mice.

Unlabelled: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major health issue, as it remains difficult to predict which new drugs will cause injury and who will be susceptible to this disease. This is due in part to the lack of animal models and knowledge of susceptibility factors that predispose individuals to DILI. In this regard, liver eosinophilia has often been associated with DILI, although its role remains unclear.

Formation of the collateral circulation is regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor-A and a disintegrin and metalloprotease family members 10 and 17.

Rationale: The density of native (preexisting) collaterals varies widely and is a significant determinant of variation in severity of stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral artery disease. However, little is known about mechanisms responsible for formation of the collateral circulation in healthy tissues.

Objective: We previously found that variation in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression causes differences in collateral density of newborn and adult mice.

Chemotherapeutic agents circumvent emergence of dasatinib-resistant BCR-ABL kinase mutations in a precise mouse model of Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The introduction of cultured p185(BCR-ABL)-expressing (p185+) Arf (-/-) pre-B cells into healthy syngeneic mice induces aggressive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that genetically and phenotypically mimics the human disease. We adapted this high-throughput Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph(+)) ALL animal model for in vivo luminescent imaging to investigate disease progression, targeted therapeutic response, and ALL relapse in living mice. Mice bearing high leukemic burdens (simulating human Ph(+) ALL at diagnosis) entered remission on maximally intensive, twice-daily dasatinib therapy, but invariably relapsed with disseminated and/or central nervous system disease.

The influence of muscle action on heart rate, RPE, and affective responses after upper-body resistance exercise.

Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) are routinely used to monitor, assess, and prescribe aerobic exercise. Heart rate (HR) is another measure used to evaluate exercise intensity. Additionally, affective responses to aerobic exercise have been studied and seem to be influenced by the intensity of the exercise.

Heuristic automation for decluttering tactical displays.

Tactical displays can quickly become cluttered with large numbers of symbols that can compromise effective monitoring. Here, we studied how heuristic automation can aid users by intelligently "decluttering" the display. In a realistic simulated naval air defense task, 27 experienced U.