High-load and low-volume warm-up increases performance in a resistance training session.

Introduction: A warm-up is recommended prior to performing a resistance training workout. Understanding the dose-response effect of warm-up load intensities can contribute to subsequent workout performance. The aim of this study was to compare different warm-up load intensities on subsequent resistance training volume in a workout.

Sex Differences in Neuromuscular Adaptations Following 12 Weeks of Kettlebell Swing Training.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are sex differences in strength, power, and muscular endurance gains following a 12-week kettlebell swing protocol. Twenty-eight men (29.4 ± 7.

Comparison of different periodization models on isotonic and isokinetic muscle strength and lean mass in tactical athletes.

Introduction: Tactical athletes need to develop strength and lower limb lean mass (LL LM) to perform effectively. Resistance training (RT) is the most effective way to achieve these goals. Two periodization models stand out: traditional linear periodization (TLP) and daily undulating periodization (DUP).

Postactivation performance enhancement in the vertical jump using loads above or below the optimum-power load for a jump squat.

Background: Postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) is an acute response of increased muscle performance following a conditioning activity (CA), generally prescribed based on the percentage of a one-repetition maximum. However, it is unknown how the PAPE response is affected when the CA is performed near the optimum power zone. The purpose of this study was to examine PAPE using loads that were 20% above or below the optimum-power load (OPL).

Effects of Medicine Wall Ball Throws With Whole-Body Vibration on Bat Swing Performance in Collegiate Baseball Players.

Buso, D, Willardson, JM, and Shafer, AB. Research note: Effects of medicine wall ball throws with whole-body vibration on bat swing performance in collegiate baseball players. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 2071-2075, 2023-The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of medicine ball wall throws performed with whole-body vibration on bat swing performance in 13 highly trained collegiate baseball players.

Effects of Different Recovery Modalities on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, Recovery Perceptions, and Performance Following a Bout of High-Intensity Functional Training.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the foam rolling technique and static stretching on perceptual and neuromuscular parameters following a bout of high-intensity functional training (HIFT), which consisted of 100 pull-ups, 100 push-ups, 100 sit-ups, and 100 air squats (Angie benchmark) in recreationally trained men ( = 39). Following baseline measurements (Feeling Scale, Visual Analogue Scale, Total Quality Recovery, Sit-and-Reach, Countermovement Jump, and Change-of-Direction -test), the volunteers performed a single bout of HIFT. At the end of the session, participants were randomly assigned to one of three distinct groups: control (CONT), foam rolling (FR), or static stretching (SS).

Effects of Differing Foam Rolling Periods on Training Volume and Myoelectric Responses of Lower-Body Muscles.

Santana, HG, Paz, GA, Willardson, JM, de Araújo Farias, D, and Miranda, H. Effects of differing foam rolling periods on training volume and myoelectric responses of lower-body muscles. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3311-3318, 2022-Foam rolling (FR) is a practice that has increased in popularity before and after resistance training.

Effect of Different Numbers of Interset Antagonist Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on the Total Number of Repetitions for the Agonists.

Recent studies have observed that stretching applied to antagonist muscles can promote improvement in agonist muscle performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different numbers of interset proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching for the antagonists on the total number of repetitions completed for the agonists (quadriceps) in the leg extension exercise. Fourteen physically active individuals (age: 29.

Effects of Six-week Periodized Versus Non-Periodized Kettlebell Swing Training on Strength, Power and Muscular Endurance.

The purpose of this study was to compare a periodized versus a non-periodized protocol of kettlebell (KTB) swings over six weeks on strength, power, and muscular endurance. Twenty-eight high intensity functional training (HIFT) practitioners were assigned to non-periodized (NPG = 11), periodized (PG = 11), or control groups (CG = 6). NPG used the same load (20 kg) throughout the training period while the PG used a step loading progression (with an added four kilograms every two weeks).

Correlation between lower limb and trunk muscle endurance with drop vertical jump in the special military forces.

Objective: Police officers, particularly the ones who are trained to be on "special forces", perform a wide range of hazardous and physically demanding activities when aiming to protect and serve. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between lower limb and trunk muscle endurance with drop vertical jump (DVJ) height in a special military police force.

Methods: One hundred and three male military men (age: 36 ± 5.

The Effect of Set Configuration and Load on Post-Activation Potentiation on Vertical Jump in Athletes.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of post-activation potentiation (PAP) on countermovement jump (CMJ) using different set configurations and loads on conditioning activity (CA) in highly trained athletes. Sixteen national level swimmers participated in this study and performed a total of six visits to the laboratory. The first session was used for familiarization, the second session was utilized to determine five repetitions maximum (RM) in the half squat (HS), and the following four visits consisted of four CA protocols performed in a counterbalanced order.

Myoelectric activity of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion in a standing versus seated position and with a neutral or dorsiflexed ankle: A pilot study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the medial (GM) and lateral (GL) heads of the gastrocnemius muscle during plantar flexion performed in standing or seated positions, and with a neutral or dorsiflexed ankle.

Introduction: The tríceps surae (gastrocnemius and soleus) is an essential muscle group that promotes propulsion during walking, running and tasks of daily living.

Methods: Ten male volunteers (24.

Interaction effects of different orders of resistance exercises and rest intervals on performances by young athletes.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify the acute effects of different exercise orders and rest intervals between sets on young athletes performance.

Method: Sixteen young male football players (73.2 ± 4.

Total Training Volume and Muscle Soreness Parameters Performing Agonist or Antagonist Foam Rolling between Sets.

Background: Foam rolling (FR) has become very popular in recent years; however, the practice of FR between sets of resistance training (RT) for the lower limbs needs further examination.

Purpose: Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of FR for the agonists (quadriceps) and antagonists (hamstrings) between multiple sets of the leg extension on repetition maximum performance (RM), fatigue resistance index (FRI), and muscle soreness (MS).

Study Design: Quasi-experimental clinical trial.

Advancements and critical steps for statistical analyses in blood pressure response to resistance training in hypertensive older women: a methodological approach.

Background: Repeated measures analysis of covariance and three-way analysis of variance with repeated measures are common statistical methods. For a valid interpretation of blood pressure (BP) response to exercise, a variety of additional statistical methods must be implemented. Four additional statistical methods are presented: technical error of measurement (SEM), smallest real difference (SRD), magnitude-based inference and mixed effect modeling technique (MEM).

Acute and Long-Term Comparison of Fixed vs. Self-Selected Rest Interval Between Sets on Upper-Body Strength.

Simão, R, Polito, M, de Salles, BF, Marinho, DA, Garrido, ND, Santos Junior, ERT, and Willardson, JM. Acute and long-term comparison of fixed vs. self-selected rest interval between sets on upper-body strength.

The Effect of Different Rest Intervals Between Agonist-Antagonist Paired Sets on Training Performance and Efficiency.

Behenck, C, Sant'Ana, H, Pinto de Castro, JB, Willardson, JM, and Miranda, H. The effect of different rest intervals between agonist-antagonist paired sets on training performance and efficiency. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 781-786, 2022-The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of different rest intervals (RIs) between agonist-antagonist paired sets (APS) on training performance and efficiency.

Maximal strength performance, efficiency, and myoelectric responses with differing intra-set rest intervals during paired set training.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different rest intervals within paired sets (PS) on total work and training volume, efficiency (training volume load/session duration time), and myoelectric activity.

Method: Fifteen trained men participated in this study. Four experimental protocols were applied: P30 (30 s rest), P60 (60 s rest), P90 (90 s rest), and P120 (120 s rest).

The Effect of Exercise Order in Circuit Training on Muscular Strength and Functional Fitness in Older Women.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of different orders of exercises in circuit training on strength and functional fitness in older women over a 12-week period. After 10 repetition maximum (10-RM) and functional fitness baseline testing, thirty older women were randomly assigned into two groups. The exercise order for Group 1 was leg press, wide-grip lat pulldown, knee extension, pec deck fly, plantar flexion and triceps extension; Group 2 performed the same exercises, but in the opposite order: triceps extension, plantar flexion, pec deck fly, knee extension, wide-grip lat pulldown and leg press.

Acute Effects of the New Method Sarcoplasma Stimulating Training Versus Traditional Resistance Training on Total Training Volume, Lactate and Muscle Thickness.

Trained subjects have difficulty in achieving continued results following years of training, and the manipulation of training variables through advanced resistance training (RT) methods is widely recommended to break through plateaus. The purpose of the present study was to compare the acute effects of traditional RT (TRT) versus two types of sarcoplasma stimulating training (SST) methods on total training volume (TTV), lactate, and muscle thickness (MT). Twelve trained males (20.

Neuromuscular responses for resistance training sessions adopting traditional, superset, paired set and circuit methods.

Background: A challenging aspect of research in sports science is designing and conducting studies that simulate actual workout scenarios, especially with application to resistance training (RT). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of RT sessions performed in differing workout formats on myoelectric activity, strength performance, and metabolic markers (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, blood lactate) over 24, 48 and 72 hours post-workout.

Methods: Twenty-two trained men (25.

Multi- To Single-Joint or the Reverse Exercise Order Does Not Affect Pectoralis Major Workout Performance.

The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of multi- to single-joint or the reverse exercise order on repetition performance and perceived exertion for the pectoralis major. Fourteen trained men (24.05 ± 4.

Mixed Session Periodization as a New Approach for Strength, Power, Functional Performance, and Body Composition Enhancement in Aging Adults.

Berzerra, ES, Orssatto, LBR, Moura, BM, Willardson, JM, Simão, R, and Moro, ARP. Mixed session periodization as a new approach for strength, power, functional performance, and body composition enhancement in aging adults. J Strength Cond Res 32(10): 2795-2806, 2018-The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of mixed session periodization (MSP) vs.