Using Self-Regulated Learning Microanalysis to Examine Regulatory Processes in Clerkship Students Engaged in Practice Questions.

Introduction: Self-regulated learning is a cyclical process of forethought, performance, and self-reflection that has been used as an assessment tool in medical education. No prior studies have evaluated SRL processes for answering multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and most evaluated one or two iterations of a non-MCQ task. SRL assessment during MCQs may elucidate reasons why learners are successful or not on these questions that are encountered repeatedly during medical education.

Roles and Responsibilities of Medicine Subinternship Directors : Medicine Subinternship Director Roles.

Background: The internal medicine (IM) subinternship (also referred to as acting internship) plays a crucial part in preparing medical students for residency. The roles, responsibilities, and support provided to subinternship directors have not been described.

Objective: We sought to describe the current role of IM subinternship directors with respect to their responsibilities, salary support, and reporting structure.

Determining Grades in the Internal Medicine Clerkship: Results of a National Survey of Clerkship Directors.

Purpose: Trust in and comparability of assessments are essential in clerkships in undergraduate medical education for many reasons, including ensuring competency in clinical skills and application of knowledge important for the transition to residency and throughout students' careers. The authors examined how assessments are used to determine internal medicine (IM) core clerkship grades across U.S.

SimLEARN Musculoskeletal Training for VHA Primary Care Providers and Health Professions Educators.

A simulation-based training curricula applied to the primary care evaluation and management of shoulder and knee pain resulted in improved access to care for veterans and cost savings for the health care system.

Clerkship Roles and Responsibilities in a Rapidly Changing Landscape: a National Survey of Internal Medicine Clerkship Directors.

Background: In the rapidly changing landscape of undergraduate medical education (UME), the roles and responsibilities of clerkship directors (CDs) are not clear.

Objective: To describe the current roles and responsibilities of Internal Medicine CDs.

Design: National annual Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine (CDIM) cross-sectional survey.

The Clinical Reasoning Mapping Exercise (CResME): a new tool for exploring clinical reasoning.

Introduction: National organizations have identified a need for the creation of novel approaches to teach clinical reasoning throughout medical education. The aim of this project was to develop, implement and evaluate a novel clinical reasoning mapping exercise (CResME).

Methods: Participants included a convenience sample of first and second year medical students at two US medical schools: University of Central Florida (UCF) and Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences (USUHS).

Toward a National Conversation on Health: Disruptive Intervention and the Transformation from Health Care to Health.

Over a century ago, Abraham Flexner's landmark report on medical education resulted in the most extensive reforms of medical training in history. They led to major advances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and the relief of suffering. His prediction that "the physician's function is fast becoming social and preventive, rather than individual and curative," however, was never realized.

Developing the Next Generation of Physicians.

To improve health care, the USA needs to create a longitudinal medical education system that will develop physicians able to lead the transformation of health care toward a focus on the promotion of healthy behaviors aimed at preventing disease. The development of patient-centered care has been an important step in promoting healthy behaviors. However, to truly develop a meaningful relationship with a patient, a physician must first see them as a person, not as a list of diseases.

The Physician Shortage: A Red Herring in American Health Care Reform.

Although the USA spends more on health care than any other comparable nation, Americans are less healthy than citizens of high-income countries that spend far less. Over the past 12 years, the number of physicians per capita in the USA has been a concerning problem that may contribute to the disparity between health care costs and health status. Some have argued that remediating the shortage of primary care physicians will improve patient health.

Untying the Gordian knot: remediation problems in medical schools that need remediation.

This position paper discusses on-going academic remediation challenges within the field of medical education. More specifically, we identify three common contemporary problems and propose four recommendations to strengthen remediation efforts. Selecting or determining what type of remediation is needed for a particular student is akin to analyzing a Gordian knot with individual, institutional and systemic contributors.

Pre-clerkship clinical skills and clinical reasoning course performance: Explaining the variance in clerkship performance : Pre-clerkship predictors of clerkship variance.

Introduction: Evidence suggests that pre-clerkship courses in clinical skills and clinical reasoning positively impact student performance on the clerkship. Given the increasing emphasis on reducing diagnostic reasoning errors, it is very important to develop this critical area of medical education. An integrated approach between clinical skills and clinical reasoning courses may better predict struggling learners, and better allocate scarce resources to remediate these learners before the clerkship.

Abstracts From the Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Meeting of the Clerkship Directors of Internal Medicine (CDIM).

Since its inception in 1989, Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine (CDIM) has promoted excellence in medical student education. CDIM members move medical education forward by sharing innovations in curriculum and assessment and discoveries related to educating our students and administering our programs. The Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine, of which CDIM is a founding member, broadens the umbrella beyond student education to include five academically focused specialty organizations representing departments of medicine, teaching hospitals, and medical schools working together to advance learning, discovery, and caring.

The long-term career outcome study: lessons learned and implications for educational practice.

The work of the Long-Term Career Outcome Study has been a program of scholarship spanning 10 years. Borrowing from established quality assurance literature, the Long-Term Career Outcome Study team has organized its scholarship into three phases; before medical school, during medical school, and after medical school. The purpose of this commentary is to address two fundamental questions: (1) what has been learned? and (2) how does this knowledge translate to educational practice and policy now and into the future? We believe that answers to these questions are relevant not only to our institution but also to other educational institutions seeking to provide high-quality health professions education.

Preclerkship assessment of clinical skills and clinical reasoning: the longitudinal impact on student performance.

Purpose: Many medical schools across the United States are undergoing curriculum reform designed, in part, to integrate basic sciences and clinical skills. Evidence has suggested that preclerkship courses in clinical skills and clinical reasoning are predictive of student performance on the clerkship. We hypothesized that a combination of outcome measures from preclerkship clinical skills and clinical reasoning courses (Objective Structured Clinical Examination scores, preceptor evaluations, National Board of Medical Examiners subject examination scores, and small group participation grades) would be correlated to performance in internship (program director [PD]evaluation form at end of first postgraduate year).

Longitudinal effects of medical students' communication skills on future performance.

Background: The Essential Elements of Communication (EEC) were developed from the Kalamazoo consensus statement on physician-patient communication. The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) has adopted a longitudinal curriculum to use the EEC both as a learning tool during standardized patient encounters and as an evaluation tool culminating with the end of preclerkship objective-structured clinical examinations (OSCE). Medical educators have recently emphasized the importance of teaching communication skills, as evidenced by the United States Medical Licensing Examination testing both the integrated clinical encounter (ICE) and communication and interpersonal skills (CIS) within the Step 2 Clinical Skills exam (CS).

Does the MCAT predict medical school and PGY-1 performance?

Background: The Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) is a high-stakes test required for entry to most U. S. medical schools; admissions committees use this test to predict future accomplishment.

Validity evidence for medical school OSCEs: associations with USMLE® step assessments.

Background: Recently, there has been a surge in the use of objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) at medical schools around the world, and with this growth has come the concomitant need to validate such assessments.

Purposes: The current study examined the associations between student performance on several school-level clinical skills and knowledge assessments, including two OSCEs, the National Board of Medical Examiners® (NBME) Subject Examinations, and the United States Medical Licensing Examination® (USMLE) Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS) and Step 3 assessments.

Methods: The sample consisted of 806 medical students from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences.

Impact of increased authenticity in instructional format on preclerkship students' performance: a two-year, prospective, randomized study.

Purpose: To address whether increasingly authentic instructional formats are more effective in improving preclerkship medical students' performance.

Method: From 2007 to 2009, the authors conducted a prospective, randomized, crossover study with second-year medical students in a clinical reasoning course at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. The authors randomly assigned students to one of three cohorts and used instructional formats of differing authenticity (paper, DVD, standardized patient) to teach three subject areas (abdominal pain, anemia, polyuria).

Does the authenticity of preclinical teaching format affect subsequent clinical clerkship outcomes? A prospective randomized crossover trial.

Background: Educational theories predict conflicting results for the effect of increasing the authenticity of the teaching format of complex information on educational outcomes. We sought to determine the effect of increasingly authentic small-group, preclerkship teaching format on clerkship outcomes to further enlighten this debate.

Summary: Students enrolled in a prospective randomized crossover trial that involved three content areas.

Contemporary management of renal tumors with venous tumor thrombus.

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma with intravenous tumor thrombus remains one of the most intriguing and challenging topics in urological oncology. With better understanding of the biology of intravascular tumor invasion and improvements in overall survival, the surgical and medical treatment of these patients is being completely redefined.

Materials And Methods: We performed a MEDLINE(R) search for relevant articles on renal cell carcinoma with intravenous tumor thrombus.