Decreased air quality shows minimal influence on peak summer attendance at forested Pacific West national parks.

Wildfires are increasing in duration and intensity across the United States' Pacific West region, resulting in heightened particulate matter from smoke in the atmosphere. Levels of peak particulate matter are concurrent to peak visitor attendance at National Parks, given seasonal alignment with summer vacation travel and heightened forest fire conditions. Particulate matter threatens visitor health and safety and contributes to poor visibility and a deteriorated visitor experience.

Sense of Place and Perceived Impacts in the Rural Industrialized Nexus: Insights for Sustainability Pathways.

As representative of the water-energy-food nexus, fossil fuel development and industrial agriculture are rural industries that continue to expand and increasingly occur in the same areas. Being a top agricultural export county and the fossil fuel capital of California while ranking among the worst in the US for industrial pollution, Kern County is a poster child of rural nexus development and, thus, an essential place for initiating sustainability transitions. Such transitions rely on policy support and the adoption of methods by individuals and communities who may disagree with such changes.

Research alignment in the U.S. national park system: Impact of transformative science policy on the supply and demand for scientific knowledge for protected area management.

The US National Park System encompasses diverse environmental and tourism management regimes, together governed by the 1916 Organic Act and its dual mandate of conservation and provision of public enjoyment. However, with the introduction of transformative science policy in the 2000's, the mission scope has since expanded to promote overarching science-based objectives. Yet despite this paradigm shift instituting "science for parks, parks for science", there is scant research exploring the impact of the National Park Science Policy on the provision of knowledge.

Association of Academic Physiatrists Residency and Fellowship Program Directors' Resident Recruitment Subcouncil Position Paper on Residency Recruitment.

Residency recruitment practices have undergone significant changes in the last several years. Interviews are now conducted fully virtually leading to both positive and negative downstream effects, including decreased cost to applicants and programs, decreased time away from clinical activities, flexibility in scheduling, and increased applications for applicants and program directors. In response to these changes, the Association of Academic Physiatrists Residency and Fellowship Program Directors Council convened a workgroup consisting of program directors, program coordinators, residents, and medical students who reviewed the available literature to provide an evidence-based set of best practices for program leaders and applicants.

Do privacy assurances work? a study of truthfulness in healthcare history data collection.

Patients often provide untruthful information about their health to avoid embarrassment, evade treatment, or prevent financial loss. Privacy disclosures (e.g.

Passive sampling and ecohydrologic modeling to investigate pesticide surface water loading in the Zollner Creek watershed, Oregon, USA.

In the U.S. Pacific Northwest and California contaminants entering surface water may harm Endangered Species Act (ESA) listed salmonid species and consequently there is ongoing concern regarding agricultural practices and resulting pesticide surface water loading may adversely impact salmonid species, their food web, and habitat.

Multi- and Trans-Generational Effects on Daphnia Magna of Chlorpyrifos Exposures.

Chlorpyrifos, a broad-spectrum neurotoxic organophosphate insecticide, is subject to atmospheric and hydrolytic transport from application sites to aquatic ecosystems. Across the landscape, concentrations in surface water can vary spatially and temporally according to seasonal use practices. Standardized bioassays can provide a screening-level understanding of aquatic receptor acute and chronic toxicity.

Neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon to Daphnia magna.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide. CPF elicits neurotoxic effects in exposed organisms by inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase enzymes (AChE), which prolongs nerve transmission and results in neurotoxic symptoms and death at high doses. While CPF is capable of eliciting neurotoxic effects, chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPFO) is the primary neurotoxicant agent.

Repetition of Computer Security Warnings Results in Differential Repetition Suppression Effects as Revealed With Functional MRI.

Computer users are often the last line of defense in computer security. However, with repeated exposures to system messages and computer security warnings, neural and behavioral responses show evidence of habituation. Habituation has been demonstrated at a neural level as repetition suppression where responses are attenuated with subsequent repetitions.

Improving the Assessment of Resident Competency: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Milestones 2.0.

In 2015, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education published the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Milestones 1.0 as part of the Next Accreditation System. This was the culmination of more than 20 yrs of work on the part of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education to improve graduate medical education competency assessments.

A Systems Approach to Modeling Watershed Ecohydrology and Pesticide Transport.

Nonpoint-source pollutant surface water loading from agricultural lands, including sediment, nutrients, and pesticides, is a major concern. As contaminants entering surface water may harm endangered species, there is ongoing concern regarding the compliance of agricultural practices with the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Compliance with the ESA for the protection of threatened salmonid species is of particular concern in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

Critical Care of Pet Birds.

Successful care of the critical pet bird patient is dependent on preparation and planning and begins with the veterinarian and hospital staff. An understanding of avian physiology and pathophysiology is key. Physical preparation of the hospital or clinic includes proper equipment and understanding of the procedures necessary to provide therapeutic and supportive care to the avian patient.

DR-TAMAS: Diffeomorphic Registration for Tensor Accurate Alignment of Anatomical Structures.

In this work, we propose DR-TAMAS (Diffeomorphic Registration for Tensor Accurate alignMent of Anatomical Structures), a novel framework for intersubject registration of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data sets. This framework is optimized for brain data and its main goal is to achieve an accurate alignment of all brain structures, including white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and spaces containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Currently most DTI-based spatial normalization algorithms emphasize alignment of anisotropic structures.

Developing Global Leaders for Research, Regulation, and Stewardship of Crop Protection Chemistry in the 21st Century.

To provide sufficient food and fiber to the increasing global population, the technologies associated with crop protection are growing ever more sophisticated but, at the same time, societal expectations for the safe use of crop protection chemistry tools are also increasing. The goal of this perspective is to highlight the key issues that face future leaders in crop protection, based on presentations made during a symposium titled "Developing Global Leaders for Research, Regulation and Stewardship of Crop Protection Chemistry in the 21st Century", held in conjunction with the IUPAC 13th International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry in San Francisco, CA, USA, during August 2014. The presentations highlighted the fact that leaders in crop protection must have a good basic scientific training and understand new and evolving technologies, are aware of the needs of both developed and developing countries, and have good communication skills.

C8 myotome herpes zoster paresis.

Herpes zoster (HZ) infection is a reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus that causes pain and a rash in a dermatomal distribution. Previous reports suggest that 0.5-5% of HZ infections are associated with a myotomal paresis but the incidence may actually be much higher.

Capturing significant events with neural networks.

Smartphone video capture and transmission to the Web contributes to data pollution. In contrast, mammalian eyes sense all, capture only significant events, allowing us vividly recall the causalities. Likewise in our videos, we wish to skip redundancies and keep only significantly differences, as determined by real-time local medium filters.

True and sham acupuncture produced similar frequency of ovulation and improved LH to FSH ratios in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Context: Acupuncture may represent a nonpharmaceutical treatment for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), based on four studies.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether true, as compared with sham, acupuncture normalizes pituitary gonadotropin hormones and increases ovulatory frequency in women with PCOS.

Design: This was a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial (5 month protocol).

Meeting the challenge of identifying persistent pollutants at the state level.

In 2007, the State of Oregon enacted legislation aimed at identifying persistent pollutants that could pose a threat to waters of the State and then reducing their discharge by means of a comprehensive pollution prevention program. This legislation defined a persistent pollutant as one that is toxic and persistent or bioaccumulative; a broad definition that required evaluation of an extensive number and variety of chemicals. The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, in consultation with a science workgroup, implemented a 12-step process for identifying and prioritizing persistent pollutants consistent with this definition.

Flexibility for runners.

Flexibility training, commonly referred to as stretching, has become a standard part of athletic training for nearly all sports. Athletes almost universally engage in some form of flexibility training because of the perception that it prevents injury and may enhance sports performance. With specific regard to running, controversy has arisen regarding these proposed benefits of stretching.

Diseases of geriatric Guinea pigs and chinchillas.

Guinea pigs and chinchillas, which have become increasingly popular pets, are today more commonly presented as adult and geriatric animals. Problems of older guinea pigs and chinchillas include those related to diet and management, infections whose symptoms are more common in older animals, and neoplasia.

Progestin stimulation of manganese superoxide dismutase and invasive properties in T47D human breast cancer cells.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) occurs in two intracellular forms in mammals, copper-zinc SOD (CuZnSOD), found in the cytoplasm, mitochondria and nucleus, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), in mitochondria. Changes in MnSOD expression (as compared to normal cells) have been reported in several forms of cancer, and these changes have been associated with regulation of cell proliferation, cell death, and metastasis. We have found that progestins stimulate MnSOD in T47D human breast cancer cells in a time and physiological concentration-dependent manner, exhibiting specificity for progestins and inhibition by the antiprogestin RU486.

Longitudinal trends in organophosphate incidents reported to the National Pesticide Information Center, 1995-2007.

Background: Regulatory decisions to phase-out the availability and use of common organophosphate pesticides among the general public were announced in 2000 and continued through 2004. Based on revised risk assessments, chlorpyrifos and diazinon were determined to pose unacceptable risks. To determine the impact of these decisions, organophosphate (OP) exposure incidents reported to the National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC) were analyzed for longitudinal trends.

Effects of dietary esfenvalerate exposures on three aquatic insect species representing different functional feeding groups.

Given the chemical properties of synthetic pyrethroids, it is probable that compounds, including esfenvalerate, that enter surface waters may become incorporated into aquatic insect food sources. We examined the effect of dietary esfenvalerate uptake in aquatic insects representing different functional feeding groups. We used three field-collected aquatic insect species: A grazing scraper, Cinygmula reticulata McDunnough (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae); an omnivorous filter feeder, Brachycentrus americanus Banks (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae); and a predator, Hesperoperla pacifica Banks (Plecoptera: Perlidae).

Impact of aquatic insect life stage and emergence strategy on sensitivity to esfenvalerate exposure.

We investigated the impact of aquatic insect life stage and emergence strategy on sensitivity to esfenvalerate, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, using field-collected Brachycentrus americanus Banks (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae) and Cinygmula reticulata McDunnough (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) insects. Final-instar C. reticulata emergence was observed for one week following three environmentally relevant, 48-h esfenvalerate exposures (0.