Native American college students in counseling: Results from a large-scale, multisite effectiveness study.

There is a large body of research exploring therapeutic effectiveness for racially or ethnically minoritized college students. Prior literature highlights the unique mental health and academic challenges faced by Native American students in higher education; however, there is a paucity of research examining the effectiveness of counseling for Native American college students. The present study examined the effectiveness of counseling on psychological and academic distress among Native American college students, comparing their initial distress and rate of change to White students in counseling.

The therapy relationship, digital interventions, and their interaction.

This article serves as an introduction to a special section devoted to the psychotherapy relationship and digital interventions. The nature of the therapy relationship is explored, and the question is raised as to whether machines can have relationships with their users. Finally, an overview and synthesis of the articles in the special section is provided.

Histone H3 Tail Modifications Alter Structure and Dynamics of the H1 C-Terminal Domain Within Nucleosomes.

The highly positively charged and intrinsically disordered H1 C-terminal domain (CTD) undergoes extensive condensation upon binding to nucleosomes, and stabilizes nucleosomes and higher-order chromatin structures but its interactions in chromatin are not well defined. Using single-molecule FRET we found that about half of the H1 CTDs in H1-nucleosome complexes exhibit well-defined FRET values indicative of distinct, static conformations, while the remainder of the population exhibits exchange between multiple defined FRET structures. Moreover, crosslinking studies indicate that the first 30 residues of the H1 CTD participate in relatively localized contacts with the first ∼25 bp of linker DNA, and that two separate regions in the CTD contribute to H1-dependent organization of linker DNA.

Therapeutic alliance and clinical outcomes in teletherapy and in-person psychotherapy: A noninferiority study during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The current study aimed to inform the varied and limited research on clinical variables in the context of teletherapy. Questions remain about the comparative quality of therapeutic alliance and clinical outcome in the context of teletherapy compared to in-person treatment. We utilized a cohort design and a noninferiority statistical approach to study a large, matched sample of clients who reported therapeutic alliance as well as psychological distress before every session as part of routine clinical practice at a university counseling center.

Identifying the origins of countertransference using the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme method: A multiple case study approach.

Objective: Measurement of countertransference (CT) has proven challenging throughout the history of studying this construct. We sought to determine the potential value of using a common measure of transference, the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) method, as a means of studying CT.

Method: The Relationship Anecdote Paradigm and the CCRT method were used to examine CT in two studies.

Histone H3 tail modifications regulate structure and dynamics of the H1 C-terminal domain within nucleosomes.

Despite their importance, how linker histone H1s interact in chromatin and especially how the highly positively charged and intrinsically disordered H1 C-terminal domain (CTD) binds and stabilizes nucleosomes and higher-order chromatin structures remains unclear. Using single-molecule FRET we found that about half of the H1 CTDs in H1-nucleosome complexes exhibit well-defined FRET values indicative of distinct, static conformations, while the remainder of the population exhibits dynamically changing values, similar to that observed for H1 in the absence of nucleosomes. We also find that the first 30 residues of the CTD participate in relatively localized interactions with the first ∼20 bp of linker DNA, and that two separate regions in the CTD contribute to H1-dependent organization of linker DNA, consistent with some non-random CTD-linker DNA interactions.

Strains Adapted to Caspofungin Due to Aneuploidy Become Highly Tolerant under Continued Drug Pressure.

is a prevalent fungal pathogen of humans. Understanding the development of decreased susceptibility to ECN drugs of this microbe is of substantial interest, as it is viewed as an intermediate step allowing the formation of resistance mutations. We used six previously characterized mutants that decreased caspofungin susceptibility either by acquiring aneuploidy of chromosome 5 (Ch5) or by aneuploidy-independent mechanisms.

Post-Translation Modifications and Mutations of Human Linker Histone Subtypes: Their Manifestation in Disease.

Linker histones (LH) are a critical component of chromatin in addition to the canonical histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). In humans, 11 subtypes (7 somatic and 4 germinal) of linker histones have been identified, and their diverse cellular functions in chromatin structure, DNA replication, DNA repair, transcription, and apoptosis have been explored, especially for the somatic subtypes. Delineating the unique role of human linker histone (hLH) and their subtypes is highly tedious given their high homology and overlapping expression patterns.

Multiple Genes of Candida albicans Influencing Echinocandin Susceptibility in Caspofungin-Adapted Mutants.

Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that causes invasive infections in immunocompromised individuals. Despite the high anticandidal activity among the echinocandins (ECNs), a first-line therapy, resistance remains an issue. Furthermore, many clinical isolates display decreased ECN susceptibility, a physiological state which is thought to lead to resistance.

Histone protein surface accessibility dictates direction of RSC-dependent nucleosome mobilization.

Chromatin remodeling enzymes use energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to mobilize nucleosomes and alter their structure to facilitate DNA access. The Remodels the Structure of Chromatin (RSC) complex has been extensively studied, yet aspects of how this complex functionally interacts with nucleosomes remain unclear. We introduce a steric mapping approach to determine how RSC activity depends on interaction with specific surfaces within the nucleosome.

Reconstructing dropout: Building from multiple definitions, therapist effects, and center effects.

The literature regarding dropout from psychotherapy has suffered from issues of diverse operationalization of the construct. Some have called for a more uniform definition to aid in generalization across research; this study aimed to assess the viability of such a definition by examining the rate of occurrence for three distinct definitions simultaneously. In addition, therapist and center level variances are explored to further understand the differences between definitions.

Identification and Analysis of Six Phosphorylation Sites Within the Xenopus laevis Linker Histone H1.0 C-Terminal Domain Indicate Distinct Effects on Nucleosome Structure.

As a key structural component of the chromatin of higher eukaryotes, linker histones (H1s) are involved in stabilizing the folding of extended nucleosome arrays into higher-order chromatin structures and function as a gene-specific regulator of transcription in vivo. The H1 C-terminal domain (CTD) is essential for high-affinity binding of linker histones to chromatin and stabilization of higher-order chromatin structure. Importantly, the H1 CTD is an intrinsically disordered domain that undergoes a drastic condensation upon binding to nucleosomes.

Whole-genome methods to define DNA and histone accessibility and long-range interactions in chromatin.

Defining the genome-wide chromatin landscape has been a goal of experimentalists for decades. Here we review highlights of these efforts, from seminal experiments showing discontinuities in chromatin structure related to gene activation to extensions of these methods elucidating general features of chromatin related to gene states by exploiting deep sequencing methods. We also review chromatin conformational capture methods to identify patterns in long-range interactions between genomic loci.

Identification and characterization of histones in evidence a phylogenetic vicinity of Mycetozoans to the animal kingdom.

belongs to Mycetozoans, a phylogenetic clade apart from the animal, plant and fungus kingdoms. Histones are nuclear proteins involved in genome organization and regulation and are among the most evolutionary conserved proteins within eukaryotes. Therefore, this raises the question of their conservation in and the position of this organism within the eukaryotic phylogenic tree based on histone sequences.

Examining the effectiveness of campus counseling for college students with disabilities.

Campus counseling centers, which oversee the provision of mental health services, can play a vital role in supporting positive outcomes among college students in general; however, little remains known about the effectiveness of campus-based counseling for reducing academic and psychological distress among college students with disabilities. The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of individual campus-based counseling for students with disabilities and to determine whether the effectiveness of counseling varied by student disability status. Data for the present study were gathered by the Center for Collegiate Mental Health from the 2016-2019 academic years.

Unraveling linker histone interactions in nucleosomes.

Considerable progress has been made recently in defining the interactions of linker histones (H1s) within nucleosomes. Major advancements include atomic resolution structures of the globular domain of full-length H1s in the context of nucleosomes containing full-length linker DNA. Although these studies have led to a detailed understanding of the interactions and dynamics of H1 globular domains in the canonical on-dyad nucleosome binding pocket, more information regarding the intrinsically disordered N-terminal and C-terminal domains is needed.

Global histone protein surface accessibility in yeast indicates a uniformly loosely packed genome with canonical nucleosomes.

Background: The vast majority of methods available to characterize genome-wide chromatin structure exploit differences in DNA accessibility to nucleases or chemical crosslinking. We developed a novel method to gauge genome-wide accessibility of histone protein surfaces within nucleosomes by assessing reactivity of engineered cysteine residues with a thiol-specific reagent, biotin-maleimide (BM).

Results: Yeast nuclei were obtained from cells expressing the histone mutant H2B S116C, in which a cysteine resides near the center of the external flat protein surface of the nucleosome.

Acetylation-modulated communication between the H3 N-terminal tail domain and the intrinsically disordered H1 C-terminal domain.

Linker histones (H1s) are key structural components of the chromatin of higher eukaryotes. However, the mechanisms by which the intrinsically disordered linker histone carboxy-terminal domain (H1 CTD) influences chromatin structure and gene regulation remain unclear. We previously demonstrated that the CTD of H1.

Multilevel versus single-level factor analysis: Differentiating within-person and between-person variability using the CCAPS-34.

Although most self-report measures of distress are intended to assess time-varying constructs, they are usually developed using between-person data. They are therefore vulnerable to misspecification due to measurement nonequivalence at the between-person and within-person levels. In recent years, multiple studies have found that self-report distress may not be the same when considered over time versus between people: what changes over time may not be the same as what makes individuals different from one another.

Causes and consequences of burnout among mental health professionals: A practice-oriented review of recent empirical literature.

Burnout is a psychological syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment. Due to the demands of treating people with psychological problems, burnout is prevalent among psychotherapists. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of 44 quantitative and qualitative studies from the past decade focusing on both the risk factors for, and effects of, burnout among psychotherapists.

Predicting future courses of psychotherapy within a grouped LASSO framework.

There is a paucity of studies examining the experience of clients who undergo multiple courses of psychotherapy. Conducted within a large practice research network, this study demonstrated that returning therapy clients comprise a considerable portion of the clinical population in university counseling settings, and identified variables associated with return to therapy. Utilizing data spanning 2013 to 2017, statistical variable selection for predicting return to therapy was conducted via grouped least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (grouped LASSO) applied to logistic regression.

Creating superhydrophobic and antibacterial surfaces on gold by femtosecond laser pulses.

Femtosecond laser-induced surface structuring is a promising technique for the large-scale formation of nano- and microscale structures that can effectively modify materials' optical, electrical, mechanical, and tribological properties. Here we perform a systematic study on femtosecond laser-induced surface structuring on gold (Au) surface and their effect on both hydrophobicity and bacterial-adhesion properties. We created various structures including subwavelength femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures (fs-LIPSSs), fs-LIPSSs covered with nano/microstructures, conic and 1D-rod-like structures ( 6 μm), and spherical nanostructures with a diameter 10 nm, by raster scanning the laser beam, at different laser fluences.

A method for assessing histone surface accessibility genome-wide.

The assembly of DNA into nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures serves not only as a means of compaction but also organizes the genome to facilitate crucial processes such as cell division and regulation of gene expression. Chromatin structure generally limits access to DNA, with the accessibility of DNA in chromatin being regulated through post translational modification of the histone proteins as well as the activity of chromatin remodeling proteins and architectural chromatin factors. There is great interest in assessing chromatin accessibility genome-wide to identify functional elements associated with enhancers, promoters, and other discontinuities in the compacted chromatin structure associated with gene expression.