A Narrative Review Investigating Practices and Disparities in Child Abuse Amongst United States Pediatric Trauma Patients & Associated Outcomes.

Introduction: Although non-accidental trauma continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children in the United States, the underlying factors leading to NAT are not well characterized. We aim to review reporting practices, clinical outcomes, and associated disparities among pediatric trauma patients experiencing NAT.

Methods: A literature search utilizing PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, ProQuest, and Cochrane was conducted from database inception until April 6, 2023.

An Inclusive Analysis of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Orthopedic Surgery Outcomes.

Background: Despite increasing attention, disparities in outcomes for Black and Hispanic patients undergoing orthopedic surgery are widening. In other racial-ethnic minority groups, outcomes often go unreported. We sought to quantify disparities in surgical outcomes among Asian, American Indian or Alaskan Native, and Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander patients across multiple orthopedic subspecialties.

National analysis of over and under-triage rates in relation to trauma population risk factors and associated outcomes across various levels trauma centers.

Introduction: Over and under-triage represent a misallocation of resources that can affect patient outcomes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate over and under-triage rates in relation to risk factors and associated outcomes of trauma patients nationwide.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the Trauma Quality Improvement Program from 2017 to 2020.

A National Analysis of Racial and Sex Disparities Among Interhospital Transfers for Emergency General Surgery Patients and Associated Outcomes.

Introduction: Studies focusing on Emergency General Surgery (EGS) and Interhospital Transfer (IHT) and the association of race and sex and morbidity and mortality are yet to be conducted. We aim to investigate the association of race and sex and outcomes among IHT patients who underwent emergency general surgery.

Methods: A retrospective review of adult patients who were transferred prior to EGS procedures using the National Surgery Quality Improvement Project from 2014 to 2020.

Mechanisms and Severity of Exercise Intolerance Following COVID-19 and Similar Viral Infections: A Comparative Review.

Approximately 19% of the population is suffering from "Long COVID", also known as post-acute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (PASC), which often results in exercise intolerance. As COVID infections continue to be common, studying the long-term consequences of coronavirus disease (COVID) on physical function has become increasingly important. This narrative review will aim to summarize the current literature surrounding exercise intolerance following COVID infection in terms of mechanism, current management approaches, and comparison with similar conditions and will aim to define limitations in the current literature.

National Analysis of Health care Related Costs for Health care Workers and Administrators Over the Past Decade: Toward Establishing Sustainable and Cost Effective Health care System.

Background: We aim to investigate the costs associated with growth in the administrators, health care staff, and physicians to provide direction to establish a sustainable and cost-effective U.S. health care system.