Associations of adverse childhood events with disordered eating behaviors among US adolescents.

The purpose of our study was to use recent nationally-representative data to 1) determine whether reported adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were associated with individual disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) for the US- based early and middle adolescent population; and 2) the extent to which individual ACE categories were associated with DEBs for this population. The study used cross-sectional data from the 2022 National Survey of Children's Health, which used parent-reported data. Inclusion criteria included all early (10-13 years of age) and middle-aged adolescents (14-17 years of age) (n = 24,173).

The Relationship of Chronic Disease Burden and Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Depression Treatment.

Background: Chronic disease and depression are closely related, and depression, if left untreated, can worsen physical disease symptoms. Furthermore, treating depression can improve patient outcomes. Generally, treatment for depression is lower in minority groups.

Healthcare Visits by Smokers: Does Cessation Treatment Differ Based on Clinical Condition?

Introduction: Persons with behavioral health conditions are disproportionally burdened by their tobacco use. Research is limited on how often this patient population is offered tobacco cessation interventions at healthcare visits. This study examines if cessation treatment offered at healthcare visits differs based on the clinical condition.

Effects of Practice Ownership and Integration of Health Services on Adherence to Diabetes Guidelines.

Objective: There has been a trend toward hospital systems and insurers acquiring privately owned physician practices and subsequently converting them into vertically integrated practices. The purpose of this study is to observe whether this change in ownership of a medical practice influences adherence to clinical guidelines for the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This is an observational study using pooled cross-sectional data (2014-2016 and 2018-2019) from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a nationally representative probability sample of US office-based physician visits.

Provision of Pediatric Dental Services by Pediatric Dentists Versus General Dentists: Secondary Dental Analysis of Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys.

The purpose of the study was to determine whether visiting only a pediatric dentist (as opposed to visiting only a general dentist) was associated with the provision of preventive dental services for a U.S.-based pediatric population (those 18 years and younger).

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Emergency Department Wait Times for Headache.

Headache is a common complaint of individuals seeking treatment in the emergency department (ED). Because pain is subjective, medical evaluation is susceptible to implicit bias that can lead to disparities in wait times. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are racial and ethnic disparities in ED wait times for headache.

Racial inequities in emergency department wait times for pregnancy-related concerns.

Objective: Emergency department care is common among US pregnant women. Given the increased likelihood of serious and life-threatening pregnancy-related health conditions among Black mothers, timeliness of emergency department care is vital. The objective of this study was to evaluate racial/ethnic variations in emergency department wait times for receiving obstetrical care among a nationally representative population.

Tobacco Cessation Counseling and Medications Provided by Physicians to Tobacco Users During Primary Care Visits.

Introduction: The established guidelines for treating tobacco use and dependency is brief provider intervention to assist those willing to quit by providing access to medication and/or behavioral counseling. The purpose of the study is to determine the extent of cessation treatment offered by providers during primary care visits by patients who are current tobacco users, and to examine associations between patient factors and treatment received.

Methods: Using data from the 2015 to 2018 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS), we examined tobacco cessation counseling and medications from 4590 visits by patients with current tobacco use.

Disparities in Offered Anxiety Treatments Among Minorities.

Purpose: The primary purpose of this article was to determine if race and ethnicity played a role in if primary care physicians offered anxiety treatment in office visits by adult patients who were diagnosed with an anxiety disorder(s).

Methods: This study pooled data from the 2011 to 2018 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) that included adult patients with an anxiety disorder and the type of treatment offered to them. Logistic regressions were performed to examine the odds of offered anxiety treatment in office visits by non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and other race/ethnicity patients compared to office visits by non-Hispanic White patients.

Costs and Savings Associated With the Police Use of the interRAI Brief Mental Health Screener.

The police response to calls for service identified as being related to mental health continues to be highly controversial. Strategies to improve the police response include Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training and various forms of co-response models neither of which have been subjected to comprehensive evaluations, particularly as to cost-efficiency. A new approach is the use of the interRAI Brief Mental Health Screener to enhance police officer ability to identify persons with serious mental disorders.

Characteristics Associated with Low-Value Cancer Screening Among Office-Based Physician Visits by Older Adults in the USA.

Background: After a certain age, cancer screening may expose older adults to unnecessary harms with limited benefits and represent inefficient use of health care resources.

Objective: To estimate the frequency of cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer screening among adults older than US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) age thresholds at which screening is no longer considered routine and to identify physician and patient factors associated with low-value cancer screening.

Design: Observational study using pooled cross-sectional data (2011-2016) from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a nationally representative probability sample of US office-based physician visits.

Associations Between Nonclinical Services and Patient-Experience Outcomes in US Acute Care Hospitals.

Background: Patient experience is an important measure of hospital quality and performance. Since the passage of the Affordable Care Act, patient experiences with their care encounters are embedded into the framework of payment incentives. However, drivers of patient experience in the context of the supportive, nonclinical, services that relate to patient care have not been as well understood.

Impact of an Emergency Department-to-Home Transitional Care Intervention on Health Service Use in Medicare Beneficiaries: A Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Hospital-based acute care [emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations] that is preventable with high-quality outpatient care contributes to health care system waste and patient harm.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that an ED-to-home transitional care intervention reduces hospital-based acute care in chronically ill, older ED visitors.

Research Design: Convergent, parallel, mixed-methods design including a randomized controlled trial.

Service utilization in Medicaid HIV specialty plans versus standard plans among enrollees diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Florida, U.S.A.

In the United States (U.S.), to contain costs many state Medicaid programs offer specialty health insurance plans for costly conditions such as HIV/AIDS.

The Underuse of STI Prevention Counseling in Primary Care.

Although sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates are increasing in the United States, prevention efforts remain limited. This study examined how often STI prevention counseling is given during primary care office visits using nationally representative data. Sexually transmitted infection prevention counseling occurred in 0.

Racial Disparities in Healthcare Utilization Among Individuals with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Comorbid Anxiety Disorder.

Objective: This study addresses racial/ethnic differences in adverse health care utilization among individuals with comorbid anxiety disorder and cardiometabolic syndrome (CMetS) risk factors.

Methods: Utilizing 2011-2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data, logistic regression models were estimated to determine the likelihood of receiving CMetS-related medical treatment in the emergency department (ED) or via inpatient services and to determine if the likelihood is associated with race/ethnicity. Adjusted models controlled for age, sex, and insurance type.

The Florida Cohort study: methodology, initial findings and lessons learned from a multisite cohort of people living with HIV in Florida.

In 2013, Florida had the highest rate of new HIV infections and only 56% of persons living with HIV (PLWH) were virally suppressed. In response, we initiated a new HIV cohort in Florida to better understand issues affecting HIV health outcomes. This manuscript will describe the procedures of the Florida Cohort; summarize information regarding enrollment, follow-up, and findings to date; and discuss challenges and lessons learned during the establishment of a multisite cohort of PLWH.

Factors associated with persistently high-cost health care utilization for musculoskeletal pain.

Background: Musculoskeletal pain conditions incur high costs and produce significant personal and public health consequences, including disability and opioid-related mortality. Persistence of high-cost health care utilization for musculoskeletal pain may help identify system inefficiencies that could limit value of care. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with persistent high-cost utilization among individuals seeking health care for musculoskeletal pain.

Gender differences in nurse practitioners: job satisfaction and patterns of care.

Background: Although workforce diversity has been cited as an important workforce issue, the contemporary U.S. nurse practitioner (NP) workforce is dominated by females.

Trends in anemia care in non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in the United States (2006-2015).

Background: The objective of the study was to examine overall anemia management trends in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) from 2006 to 2015, and to evaluate the impact of Trial to Reduced Cardiovascular Events with Ananesp Therapy (TREAT)'s study results (October 2009) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s (June 2011) safety warnings and guidelines on the use of ESA therapy in the current treatment of anemia.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of anemia management in CKD patients using Truven MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental databases was conducted. Monthly rates and types of anemia treatment for post-TREAT and post-FDA safety warning periods were compared to pre-TREAT period.

Variation in out of pocket health care costs for individuals with anxiety disorders by type of insurance coverage.

Purpose: Given that out-of-pocket (OOP) costs impact adherence to treatment and recent and proposed changes to the health insurance system that impact OOP costs, it is imperative to understand the OOP cost burden faced by individuals with anxiety disorders depending upon type of insurance coverage. The objective of this study was to determine the annual OOP cost burden faced by individuals with anxiety disorders and the variation of these costs by type of insurance coverage.

Methods: Using weighted nationally representative data from the 2011-2014 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys, total OOP health care costs were assessed for all respondents who indicated that they had an anxiety disorder (N = 9985).

The impact of nurse practitioner regulations on population access to care.

Background: By 2025, experts estimate a significant shortage of primary care providers in the United States, and expansion of the nurse practitioner (NP) workforce may reduce this burden. However, barriers imposed by state NP regulations could reduce access to primary care.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to examine the association between three levels of NP state practice regulation (independent, minimum restrictive, and most restrictive) and the proportion of the population with a greater than 30-min travel time to a primary care provider using geocoding.