Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors in Kidney Disease.

Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors are an oral treatment for anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assessed long-term safety of HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases for randomized trials comparing HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors with an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) or placebo with greater than or equal to 48 weeks of follow-up.

Use of kidney failure risk equation as a tool to evaluate referrals from primary care to specialist nephrology care.

Background: With rising costs and burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD), timely referral of patients to a kidney specialist is crucial. Currently, Kidney Health Australia (KHA) uses a 'heat map' based on severity and not future risk of kidney failure, whereas the kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) score predicts future risk of progression.

Aims: Evaluate whether a KFRE score assists with timing of CKD referrals.

Safety and Effectiveness of Rivaroxaban Versus Warfarin Across GFR Levels in Atrial Fibrillation: A Population-Based Study in Australia and Canada.

Rationale & Objective: The benefit-risk profile of rivaroxaban versus warfarin for atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with chronic kidney disease is uncertain. We compared rivaroxaban with warfarin across the range of kidney function in adults with AF.

Study Design: Multicenter retrospective cohort.

Kidney function and the comparative effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants vs. warfarin in adults with atrial fibrillation: a multicenter observational study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the comparative effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and warfarin in adults with atrial fibrillation (AF) by level of kidney function.

Methods And Results: We pooled findings from five retrospective cohorts (2011-18) across Australia and Canada of adults with; a new dispensation for a DOAC or warfarin, an AF diagnosis, and a measure of baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The outcomes of interest, within 1 year from the cohort entry date, were: (1) the composite of all-cause death, first hospitalization for ischaemic stroke, or transient ischaemic attack (effectiveness), and (2) first hospitalization for major bleeding defined as an intracranial, upper or lower gastrointestinal, or other bleeding (safety).

Benefits and Harms of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Effects of oral anticoagulation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) are uncertain.

Purpose: To evaluate the benefits and harms of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in adults with CKD stages 3 to 5, including those with dialysis-dependent end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).

Data Sources: English-language searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases (inception to February 2019); review bibliographies; and ClinicalTrials.

Recent evidence for direct oral anticoagulants in chronic kidney disease.

Purpose Of Review: The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged as an effective and safe alternative to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for stroke and venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention. However, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience an increase in the risk of both thromboembolism and bleeding, and the risk-benefit profile of DOACs, particularly in advanced CKD remains a source of ongoing debate. This review summarizes the recent evidence on the effects of DOACs in CKD across a range of clinical indications including newly emerging indications.

Healthcare resource utilisation by patients with coronary heart disease receiving a lifestyle-focused text message support program: an analysis from the TEXT ME study.

The 'Tobacco, Exercise and Diet Messages' (TEXT ME) study was a 6-month, single-centre randomised clinical trial (RCT) that found a text message support program improved levels of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The current analyses examined whether receipt of text messages influenced participants' engagement with conventional healthcare resources. The TEXT ME study database (N=710) was linked with routinely collected health department databases.