Financial Literacy Among Medical Trainees and Faculty: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Medical education systems are trained to produce efficient, thorough clinicians. These programs provide limited training on personal finances. The current socioeconomic climate for medical trainees includes increasing education debt and stagnating reimbursement.

Molecular Glue Discovery: Current and Future Approaches.

The intracellular interactions of biomolecules can be maneuvered to redirect signaling, reprogram the cell cycle, or decrease infectivity using only a few dozen atoms. Such "molecular glues," which can drive both novel and known interactions between protein partners, represent an enticing therapeutic strategy. Here, we review the methods and approaches that have led to the identification of small-molecule molecular glues.

A Case of Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy Secondary to SGN-LIV1A Therapy.

Antibody-drug conjugate therapy is rarely associated with neurologic immune-related phenomena. In this case report, we present a patient on treatment with SGN-LIV1A antibody-drug conjugate for breast cancer who developed progressive asymmetric quadriparesis, more severe in the bilateral upper extremities. Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN), a sub-variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome, was diagnosed via electro-diagnostic studies.

Thriving in Neurology Residency: An Appreciative Inquiry Approach.

Background And Objectives: Enhancing resident well-being has become a top priority for medical educators as awareness of physician burnout continues to grow. Although substantial effort has been made to understand contributors to resident burnout and develop effective interventions, relatively little is known about what characterizes the opposite of burnout-that is, thriving in medical training. This phenomenologic qualitative study applies appreciative inquiry as an interview technique with the aim of characterizing self-identified experiences of thriving among residents in the Yale Neurology program.

Powassan Meningoencephalitis: A Case Report Highlighting Diagnosis and Management.

Powassan virus (POWV), a rare flavivirus that may be transmitted by a tick bite, causes rare but severe cases of encephalitis, meningitis, and meningoencephalitis in humans. We present the case of a 62-year-old man with prior Lyme disease and reactive arthritis who presented to the hospital with symptoms of fever, headache, and fatigue. The patient developed rapid deterioration of mental status including profound expressive aphasia and required intubation and high-dose steroids.

A System for the Evolution of Protein-Protein Interaction Inducers.

Molecules that induce interactions between proteins, often referred to as "molecular glues", are increasingly recognized as important therapeutic modalities and as entry points for rewiring cellular signaling networks. Here, we report a new PACE-based method to rapidly select and evolve molecules that mediate interactions between otherwise noninteracting proteins: rapid evolution of protein-protein interaction glues (rePPI-G). By leveraging proximity-dependent split RNA polymerase-based biosensors, we developed -based detection and selection systems that drive gene expression outputs only when interactions between target proteins are induced.

Extensive Brainstem Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Hemodialysis Non-Adherent Patient.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) refers to a disorder of reversible vasogenic edema caused by rapid hyperperfusion of the brain that classically involves areas supplied by the posterior circulation such as the parieto-occipital region. It may present with atypical features such as brainstem and spinal cord involvement. Common causes include renal failure, pre-eclampsia/eclampsia among pregnant women, rapid changes in systemic blood pressure, and autoimmune diseases.

Split T7 RNA polymerase biosensors to study multiprotein interaction dynamics.

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are involved in nearly all cellular processes. PPIs are particularly crucial for mediating selectivity along signaling pathways. Thus, measuring the competitive interplay between PPIs in a cell is important for both understanding fundamental cellular regulation and developing therapeutics targeting those whose dysregulation is associated with disease.

Bedside Teaching in Neurology.

The patient's bedside offers an ideal venue for teaching the art of clinical neurology and modeling humanism and professionalism. However, bedside teaching is underutilized in modern medical education, despite evidence that learners desire more. Logistical challenges and lack of teacher confidence are commonly cited reasons, but both can be mitigated with a deliberate approach and sufficient experience.

RNA Polymerase Tags To Monitor Multidimensional Protein-Protein Interactions Reveal Pharmacological Engagement of Bcl-2 Proteins.

We report the development of a new technology for monitoring multidimensional protein-protein interactions (PPIs) inside live mammalian cells using split RNA polymerase (RNAP) tags. In this new system, a protein-of-interest is tagged with an N-terminal split RNAP (RNAP), and multiple potential binding partners are each fused to orthogonal C-terminal RNAPs (RNAP). Assembly of RNAP with each RNAP is highly dependent on interactions between the tagged proteins.

Tetrathiafulvalene-containing polymers for simultaneous non-covalent modification and electronic modulation of MoS nanomaterials.

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) such as MoS comprise an important class of 2D semiconductors with numerous interesting electronic and mechanical features. Full utilization of TMDCs in materials and devices, however, necessitates robust functionalization methods. We report well-defined tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based polymers, exploiting synthetic routes that overcome challenges previously associated with these systems.

Regional areas and widths of the midsagittal corpus callosum among HIV-infected patients on stable antiretroviral therapies.

Recent reports suggest that a growing number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons show signs of persistent cognitive impairment even in the context of combination antiretroviral therapies (cART). The basis for this finding remains poorly understood as there are only a limited number of studies examining the relationship between CNS injury, measures of disease severity, and cognitive function in the setting of stable disease. This study examined the effects of HIV infection on cerebral white matter using quantitative morphometry of the midsagittal corpus callosum (CC) in 216 chronically infected participants from the multisite HIV Neuroimaging Consortium study currently receiving cART and 139 controls.

The role of medical imaging in defining CNS abnormalities associated with HIV-infection and opportunistic infections.

In this review of the current literature, we examine the role of medical imaging in providing new and relevant information on central nervous system (CNS) injury associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and various clinical manifestations of this injury. Common imaging modalities used to examine CNS injury in HIV infection include structural magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, and positron emissions tomography. Clinical implications for the findings are discussed for each of these modalities individually and collectively.

Reliability and validity of MRI-based automated volumetry software relative to auto-assisted manual measurement of subcortical structures in HIV-infected patients from a multisite study.

The automated volumetric output of FreeSurfer and Individual Brain Atlases using Statistical Parametric Mapping (IBASPM), two widely used and well published software packages, was examined for accuracy and consistency relative to auto-assisted manual (AAM) tracings (i.e., manual correction of automated output) when measuring the caudate, putamen, amygdala, and hippocampus in the baseline scans of 120 HIV-infected patients (86.