A Polygenic Score for Type 2 Diabetes Improves Risk Stratification Beyond Current Clinical Screening Factors in an Ancestrally Diverse Sample.

A substantial proportion of the adult United States population with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are undiagnosed, calling into question the comprehensiveness of current screening practices, which primarily rely on age, family history, and body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that a polygenic score (PGS) may serve as a complementary tool to identify high-risk individuals. The T2D polygenic score maintained predictive utility after adjusting for family history and combining genetics with family history led to even more improved disease risk prediction.

Growth and growth factor production by human nasal septal chondrocytes in serum-free media.

Background: Tissue-engineered human cartilage offers vast possibilities as a source of graft implant material for reconstructive surgery. Serum-supplemented growth media is successful in supporting chondrocyte proliferation in vitro. Serum, however, contains exogenous growth factors that hamper the identification and quantification of growth factors autogenously produced by chondrocytes.

Effects of copper tripeptide on the growth and expression of growth factors by normal and irradiated fibroblasts.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of copper tripeptide (GHK-Cu) on the growth and autocrine production of basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor beta1, and vascular endothelial growth factor by normal and irradiated fibroblasts in a serum-free in vitro environment.

Methods: Primary human dermal fibroblast cell lines were established after explantation from intraoperative specimens obtained from patients who had undergone radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Normal and irradiated fibroblasts were propagated in serum- and growth factor-free media.

Effect of blended CO2 and erbium:YAG laser irradiation on normal and keloid fibroblasts: a serum-free study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of combined CO2 and Er:YAG laser irradiation on normal (NF) and keloid (KF) facial dermal fibroblast production of TGF-beta1 and bFGF.

Background Data: Keloids produce excess collagen. TGF-beta1 is integral to the growth and stimulation of fibroblasts and collagen; bFGF inhibits collagen synthesis.