Pharmacokinetics of carvedilol after intravenous and oral administration in conscious healthy dogs.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics of carvedilol administered IV and orally and determine the dose of carvedilol required to maintain plasma concentrations associated with anticipated therapeutic efficacy when administered orally to dogs.

Animals: 8 healthy dogs.

Procedures: Blood samples were collected for 24 hours after single doses of carvedilol were administered IV (175 microg/kg) or PO (1.