Residence time determines invasiveness and performance of garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) in North America.

While biological invasions have the potential for large negative impacts on local communities and ecological interactions, increasing evidence suggests that species once considered major problems can decline over time. Declines often appear driven by natural enemies, diseases or evolutionary adaptations that selectively reduce populations of naturalised species and their impacts. Using permanent long-term monitoring locations, we document declines of Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) in eastern North America with distinct local and regional dynamics as a function of patch residence time.

Considering weed management as a social dilemma bridges individual and collective interests.

Weeds pose severe threats to agricultural and natural landscapes worldwide. One major reason for the failure to effectively manage weeds at landscape scales is that current Best Management Practice guidelines, and research on how to improve such guidelines, focus too narrowly on property-level management decisions. Insufficiently considered are the aggregate effects of individual actions to determine landscape-scale outcomes, or whether there are collective practices that would improve weed management outcomes.

Confronting herbicide resistance with cooperative management.

Background: Resistance of pathogens and pests to antibiotics and pesticides worldwide is rapidly reaching critical levels. The common-pool-resource nature of this problem (i.e.

Soil-mediated eco-evolutionary feedbacks in the invasive plant .

Ecological and evolutionary processes historically have been assumed to operate on significantly different time-scales. We know now from theory and work in experimental and model systems that these processes can feed back on each other on mutually relevant time-scales.Here, we present evidence of a soil-mediated eco-evolutionary feedback on the population dynamics of an invasive biennial plant, .

Managing the evolution of herbicide resistance.

Background: Understanding and managing the evolutionary responses of pests and pathogens to control efforts is essential to human health and survival. Herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds undermine agricultural sustainability, productivity and profitability, yet the epidemiology of resistance evolution - particularly at landscape scales - is poorly understood. We studied glyphosate resistance in a major agricultural weed, Amaranthus tuberculatus (common waterhemp), using landscape, weed and management data from 105 central Illinois grain farms, including over 500 site-years of herbicide application records.

The importance of space, time, and stochasticity to the demography and management of Alliaria petiolata.

As population modeling is increasingly called upon to guide policy and management, it is important that we understand not only the central tendencies of our study systems, but the consequences of their variation in space and time as well. The invasive plant Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) is actively managed in the United States and is the focus of a developing biological control program. Two weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Ceutorhynchus) that reduce fecundity (C.

Consequences of parameterization and structure of applied demographic models: a comment on Pardini et al. (2009).

Correcting the problems in the model of A. petiolata presented in Pardini et al. (2009) changes its dynamics and thus the management recommendations.

Differences in the temporal dynamics of phenotypic selection among fitness components in the wild.

The balance of selection acting through different fitness components (e.g. fecundity, mating success, survival) determines the potential tempo and trajectory of adaptive evolution.

Zinc dyshomeostasis is linked with the loss of mucolipidosis IV-associated TRPML1 ion channel.

Chelatable zinc is important in brain function, and its homeostasis is maintained to prevent cytotoxic overload. However, certain pathologic events result in intracellular zinc accumulation in lysosomes and mitochondria. Abnormal lysosomes and mitochondria are common features of the human lysosomal storage disorder known as mucolipidosis IV (MLIV).

The tissue-specific expression of TRPML2 (MCOLN-2) gene is influenced by the presence of TRPML1.

Mucolipidosis type IV is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by the loss or dysfunction of the mucolipin-1 (TRPML1) protein. It has been suggested that TRPML2 could genetically compensate (i.e.

Pyomyositis: a fatal case in a healthy teenager.

Pyomyositis is a common disease in the tropics that is reported with increasing frequency in the United States. We describe an unusually fulminant, fatal case in a previously healthy adolescent male. This case illustrates the clinical progression of pyomyositis from localized muscle infection to disseminated disease, and highlights the importance of considering this rare diagnosis in any stage of occult sepsis.

Evidence for gravity's influence on molecules at a solid-solution interface.

Yoshimoto et al. [Anal. Chem.