Multi Resolution Analysis (MRA) for Approximate Self-Attention.

Transformers have emerged as a preferred model for many tasks in natural langugage processing and vision. Recent efforts on training and deploying Transformers more efficiently have identified many strategies to approximate the self-attention matrix, a key module in a Transformer architecture. Effective ideas include various prespecified sparsity patterns, low-rank basis expansions and combinations thereof.

Concise Review of the Clinical Approach to the Exclusion and Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism in 2020.

Pulmonary embolism has extremely varied clinical presentations and can be difficult to diagnose. Clinical decision rules can help determine the probability of pulmonary embolism by assessment of the clinical presentation. After the diagnosis, several prognostic rules can be used to risk-stratify and facilitate outpatient treatment of pulmonary embolism.

The effect of vertical split-flow patient management on emergency department throughput and efficiency.

Background: To address emergency department overcrowding operational research seeks to identify efficient processes to optimize flow of patients through the emergency department. Vertical flow refers to the concept of utilizing and assigning patients virtual beds rather than to an actual physical space within the emergency department to care of low acuity patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of vertical flow upon emergency department efficiency and patient satisfaction.

Development and validation of the Emergency Department Assessment of Chest pain Score and 2 h accelerated diagnostic protocol.

Objective: Risk scores and accelerated diagnostic protocols can identify chest pain patients with low risk of major adverse cardiac event who could be discharged early from the ED, saving time and costs. We aimed to derive and validate a chest pain score and accelerated diagnostic protocol (ADP) that could safely increase the proportion of patients suitable for early discharge.

Methods: Logistic regression identified statistical predictors for major adverse cardiac events in a derivation cohort.

Novel protein markers of acute coronary syndrome complications in low-risk outpatients: a systematic review of potential use in the emergency department.

Background: Published literature was systematically reviewed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of new protein markers of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in symptomatic outpatients at low risk of ACS and related complications comparable to patients evaluated in emergency department chest pain units.

Methods: Studies were identified by a MEDLINE (1966 to May week 3, 2005) search. Abstracts were reviewed for relevance, and manuscripts were included by the independent consensus of 2 observers based on explicit criteria restricting the analysis to studies relevant to screening ambulatory patients with symptoms suggesting ACS.

An emergency department guideline for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: an outcome study.

Objective: To assess the clinical outcome of patients suspected of pulmonary embolism (PE) following implementation of an emergency department (ED) diagnostic guideline.

Methods: A prospective observational study of all patients suspected of PE who presented to the ED during a four-month study period. The authors' modification of the Charlotte criteria recommended D-dimer testing in those younger than 70 years of age with a low clinical suspicion of PE and no unexplained hypoxemia, unilateral leg swelling, recent surgery, hemoptysis, pregnancy, or prolonged duration of symptoms.

Turbidimetric D-dimer test in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: a metaanalysis.

Background: Clinicians in outpatient clinics and emergency departments desire an accurate quantitative D-dimer assay. The study objective was to evaluate the diagnostic performance characteristics of the latex turbidimetric D-dimer test in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in the emergency department population.

Methods: We conducted a search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and bibliographies of previous systematic reviews with no language restriction.