Computed tomography-guided percutaneous biopsy of subcentimeter lung noduless.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic success rate and complications of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous biopsy in pulmonary nodules < 10 mm in diameter.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study involving the review of medical records, images, and chest CT reports related to 115 patients who underwent percutaneous CT-guided biopsy of < 10 mm pulmonary nodules between July 2015 and January 2019.

Results: Nodule diameter on the longest axis ranged from 4 mm to 9 mm, with a mean size of 7.

External validation of the parsimonious EuroLung risk models: analysis of the Brazilian Lung Cancer Registry.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess performance in the Brazilian Lung Cancer Registry Database by using the parsimonious EuroLung risk models for morbidity and mortality.

Methods: The EuroLung1 and EuroLung2 models were tested and evaluated through calibration (calibration plot, Brier score, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test) and discrimination (ROC AUCs), in a national multicenter registry of 1,031 patients undergoing anatomic lung resection.

Results: The evaluation of performance in Brazilian health care facilities utilizing risk-adjustment models, specifically EuroLung1 and EuroLung2, revealed substantial miscalibration, as evidenced by calibration plots and Hosmer-Lemeshow tests in both models.

Challenges of Implementing Lung Cancer Screening in a Developing Country: Results of the Second Brazilian Early Lung Cancer Screening Trial (BRELT2).

Purpose: This paper aims to present the results of a series of several Brazilian institutions that have been carrying out lung cancer screening (LCS).

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective, cohort study, with follow-up of individuals of both sexes, with a heavy smoking history, who participated in LCS programs between December 2013 and January 2021 in six Brazilian institutions located in the states of São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, and Bahia.

Results: Three thousand four hundred seventy individuals were included, of which 59.

Factors associated with subcentimeter pulmonary nodule outcomes followed with computed tomography imaging in oncology patients.

Introduction: Technological advancements in computed tomography (CT) have enabled the frequent detection of small pulmonary nodules (PNs), especially in patients with an oncologic history. It is important the malignant versus benign etiology of PNs be determined. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the behavior and clinical/radiological characteristics of subcentimeter PNs detected by CT in oncologic patients.

Bronchial carcinoid tumors: second primary neoplasms and outcomes of surgical treatment.

Objective: To analyze determinants of prognosis in patients with bronchial carcinoid tumors treated surgically and the potential concomitance of such tumors with second primary neoplasms.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 51 bronchial carcinoid tumors treated surgically between 2007 and 2016. Disease-free survival (DFS) was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and determinants of prognosis were evaluated.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging in oncology: state of the art.

In the investigation of tumors with conventional magnetic resonance imaging, both quantitative characteristics, such as size, edema, necrosis, and presence of metastases, and qualitative characteristics, such as contrast enhancement degree, are taken into consideration. However, changes in cell metabolism and tissue physiology which precede morphological changes cannot be detected by the conventional technique. The development of new magnetic resonance imaging techniques has enabled the functional assessment of the structures in order to obtain information on the different physiological processes of the tumor microenvironment, such as oxygenation levels, cellularity and vascularity.

Improving CT-guided transthoracic biopsy of mediastinal lesions by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

Objectives: To evaluate the preliminary results obtained using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and the apparent diffusion coefficient for planning computed tomography-guided biopsies of selected mediastinal lesions.

Methods: Eight patients with mediastinal lesions suspicious for malignancy were referred for computed tomography-guided biopsy. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient measurement were performed to assist in biopsy planning with diffusion/computed tomography fused images.

CT-guided biopsy of lung lesions: defining the best needle option for a specific diagnosis.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of fine and cutting needles in computed tomography guided-biopsy of lung lesions suspicious for malignancy and to determine which technique is the best option for a specific diagnosis.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the data from 362 (71.6%) patients who underwent fine-needle aspiration biopsy and from 97 (19.

Value of ultrasound in the imaging-guided transthoracic biopsy of lung lesions.

Transthoracic needle biopsy with fluoroscopic or computed tomographic guidance is a well-established and safe method for diagnosing malignant and benign thoracic lesions. Nonetheless, ultrasound is as effective as computed tomography for the guidance of transthoracic biopsies of peripheral pulmonary lesions and mediastinal tumors, and it offers some advantages. In this case report, we exemplify the proper use of ultrasound for the percutaneous biopsy of a lung lesion, aiming to show that it can be a safe, inexpensive, rapid, and effective alternative to computed tomography in appropriate cases.

Diagnosis of second primary tumor and long-term survival after single initial triple endoscopy in patients with head and neck cancer.

Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) have a high risk of developing second primary tumors (SPTs). Most of the studies concerning triple endoscopy (laryngoscopy, digestive tract endoscopy and bronchoscopy) describe the frequency and stage of the SPT, but not its impact on survival. This study is a matched pair analysis that included patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the UADT who were subjected to a triple endoscopy before the first treatment, matched with patients who did not undergo triple endoscopy.

Fungal infection mimicking pulmonary malignancy: clinical and radiological characteristics.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological features of patients with fungal infection mimicking thoracic malignancy and to establish a diagnostic approach for both clinicians and radiologists to avoid misdiagnosis.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed clinical and computed tomography (CT) findings from 27 patients who presented with suspicion of thoracic malignancy who were ultimately diagnosed with fungal disease.

Results: Patients' median age was 55.

Chemotherapy beyond first-line in stage IV metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: Platinum-based doublet chemotherapy is considered the standard of care for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, prognosis after recurrent or progressive disease following first-line chemotherapy is usually poor. Maintenance chemotherapy, second line treatment and even third line chemotherapy are available for patients with advanced NSCLC.

Pulmonary metastasectomy: a multivariate analysis of 440 patients undergoing complete resection.

Surgical resection is currently a standard approach for isolated lung metastases from different primary tumours. The aim of the present analysis is to evaluate the outcome of patients submitted to complete resection of pulmonary metastases and to determine prognostic factors for long-term survival. A group of 440 consecutive patients previously diagnosed with primary malignant solid tumours and submitted to complete surgical resection of lung nodules with suspected or diagnosed metastatic lesion were retrospectively reviewed.

Diffuse bronchiolitis pattern on a computed tomography scan as a presentation of pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy: a case report.

Introduction: Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy is a rare complication of malignant diseases. The diagnosis is extremely difficult and is most often performed after death. Invariably, patients develop acute pulmonary hypertension causing right heart failure, shortness of breath and death in a few days.

Cholinergic hyperresponsiveness of peripheral lung parenchyma in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Up to 60% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients can present airway hyperresponsiveness. However, it is not known whether the peripheral lung tissue also shows an exaggerated response to agonists in COPD.

Objectives: To investigate the in vitro mechanical behavior and the structural and inflammatory changes of peripheral lung tissue in COPD patients and compare to nonsmoking controls.

Pulmonary metastasectomy from soft tissue sarcomas.

Introduction: Isolated pulmonary metastases from soft tissue sarcomas occur in 20-50% of these(the issue is about metastases, not lung cancer )patients, and 70% of these patients will present disease limited only to the lungs. Surgical resection is well accepted as a standard approach to treat metastases from soft tissue sarcomas isolated in the lungs, and many studies investigating this technique have reported an overall 5-year survival ranging from 30-40%. The most consistent predictor of survival in these patients is complete resection.

Predictive complication factors for CT-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of pulmonary lesions.

Objective: Distinct aspects can influence the complication rates of computed tomography-guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy of lung lesions. The purpose of the current study is to determine the influence of radiological techniques and clinical characteristics in predicting complications from this procedure.

Subjects And Methods: A retrospective study was developed involving 340 patients who were submitted to a consecutive series of 362 computed tomography-guided fine needle aspiration biopsies of lung lesions between July 1996 and June 2004, using 22-gauge needles (CHIBA).

CT-guided cutting needle biopsy of lung lesions--an effective procedure for adequate material and specific diagnose.

Objective: Computed guided percutaneous biopsy of lung lesions is widely accepted as an effective and safe procedure for specific diagnose. The purpose of this study is to present the experience of an oncology center in the use of computed tomography (CT)-guided cutting needle biopsy as an effective procedure for adequate material and specific diagnose of lung lesions.

Subjects And Methods: This study reports a retrospective analysis of 94 consecutive patients admitted in an oncologic center, reference in Brazil (Hospital do Câncer-AC Camargo), between 1996 and 2004, who were submitted to 97 CT guided cutting needle biopsy of pulmonary lesions.

Preoperative and pathological staging of NSCLC: retrospective analysis of 291 cases.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of preoperative clinical staging with computed tomography in predicting the correct pathological stage.

Methods: Medical records of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated, from 1990 to 2005 were reviewed. Clinical stage was based on routine preoperative clinical and imaging evaluation.

Characteristics associated with complete surgical resection of primary malignant mediastinal tumors.

Objective: To identify preoperative characteristics associated with complete surgical resection of primary malignant mediastinal tumors.

Methods: Between 1996 and 2006, 42 patients with primary malignant mediastinal tumors were submitted to surgery with curative intent at a single facility. Patient charts were reviewed in order to collect data related to demographics, clinical manifestation, characteristics of mediastinal tumors and imaging aspects of invasiveness.