An equation for estimating low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride content and its use for cardiovascular disease risk stratification.

Background: The triglyceride (TG) content of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-TG) has been shown to be more predictive of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events than the cholesterol content of LDL (LDL-C). The goal of our study was to develop an equation for estimating LDL-TG (LDL-TG) based on the standard lipid panel and to compare it to estimated LDL-C as an ASCVD risk biomarker.

Methods: Using least-square regression analysis, the following LDL-TG equation was developed: .

Beta Trace Protein as a Potential Biomarker for CSF-Venous Fistulas.

Background And Purpose: Accurately identifying patients with CSF-venous fistulas (CVF), one cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), is a diagnostic dilemma. This conundrum underscores the need for a CVF biomarker to help select who should undergo an invasive myelogram for further diagnostic workup. Beta trace protein (BTP) is the most abundant CNS derived protein in the CSF and therefore is a potential venous biomarker for CVF detection.

An improved method for estimating low LDL-C based on the enhanced Sampson-NIH equation.

Background: The accurate measurement of Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is critical in the decision to utilize the new lipid-lowering therapies like PCSK9-inhibitors (PCSK9i) for high-risk cardiovascular disease patients that do not achieve sufficiently low LDL-C on statin therapy.

Objective: To improve the estimation of low LDL-C by developing a new equation that includes apolipoprotein B (apoB) as an independent variable, along with the standard lipid panel test results.

Methods: Using β-quantification (BQ) as the reference method, which was performed on a large dyslipidemic population (N = 24,406), the following enhanced Sampson-NIH equation (eS LDL-C) was developed by least-square regression analysis: [Formula: see text] RESULTS: The eS LDL-C equation was the most accurate equation for a broad range of LDL-C values based on regression related parameters and the mean absolute difference (mg/dL) from the BQ reference method (eS LDL-C: 4.

Accuracy and Clinical Impact of Estimating Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol at High and Low Levels by Different Equations.

New more effective lipid-lowering therapies have made it important to accurately determine Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) at both high and low levels. LDL-C was measured by the β-quantification reference method (BQ) (N = 40,346) and compared to Friedewald (F-LDL-C), Martin (M-LDL-C), extended Martin (eM-LDL-C) and Sampson (S-LDL-C) equations by regression analysis, error-grid analysis, and concordance with the BQ method for classification into different LDL-C treatment intervals. For triglycerides (TG) < 175 mg/dL, the four LDL-C equations yielded similarly accurate results, but for TG between 175 and 800 mg/dL, the S-LDL-C equation when compared to the BQ method had a lower mean absolute difference (mg/dL) (MAD = 10.

Identification of Dysbetalipoproteinemia by an Enhanced Sampson-NIH Equation for Very Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol.

Dysbetalipoproteinemia (hyperlipoproteinemia type III, HLP3) is a genetic disorder that results in the accumulation of cholesterol on highly atherogenic remnant particles. Traditionally, the diagnosis of HLP3 depended upon lipoprotein gel electrophoresis or density gradient ultracentrifugation. Because these two methods are not performed by most clinical laboratories, we describe here two new equations for estimating the cholesterol content of VLDL (VLDL-C), which can then be used for the diagnosis of HLP3.

A New Equation for Calculation of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients With Normolipidemia and/or Hypertriglyceridemia.

Importance: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), a key cardiovascular disease marker, is often estimated by the Friedewald or Martin equation, but calculating LDL-C is less accurate in patients with a low LDL-C level or hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride [TG] levels ≥400 mg/dL).

Objective: To design a more accurate LDL-C equation for patients with a low LDL-C level and/or hypertriglyceridemia.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data on LDL-C levels and other lipid measures from 8656 patients seen at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center between January 1, 1976, and June 2, 1999, were analyzed by the β-quantification reference method (18 715 LDL-C test results) and were randomly divided into equally sized training and validation data sets.