Volcanic air pollution over the Island of Hawai'i: Emissions, dispersal, and composition. Association with respiratory symptoms and lung function in Hawai'i Island school children.

Background: Kilauea Volcano on the Island of Hawai'i has erupted continuously since 1983, releasing approximately 300-12000metrictons per day of sulfur dioxide (SO2). SO2 interacts with water vapor to produce an acidic haze known locally as "vog". The combination of wind speed and direction, inversion layer height, and local terrain lead to heterogeneous and variable distribution of vog over the island, allowing study of respiratory effects associated with chronic vog exposure.

Adjuvant Therapy in Pancreas Cancer: Does It Influence Patterns of Recurrence?

Background: Level 1 data demonstrate that adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) improves survival after surgical resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), (adjuvant gemcitabine, CONKO-001 study; adjuvant 5-FU, ESPAC3 study). The role of adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (ACRT) remains controversial. What is less clear is whether adjuvant therapy influences patterns of recurrence.

Intradiscal thermal therapy using interstitial ultrasound: an in vivo investigation in ovine cervical spine.

Study Design: In vivo investigation of intradiscal ultrasound thermal therapy in ovine cervical spine model.

Objective: To evaluate the potential of interstitial ultrasound for selective heating of intradiscal tissue in vivo.

Summary Of Background Data: Application of heat in the spine using resistive wire and radiofrequency current heating devices is currently being used clinically for minimally invasive treatment of discogenic low back pain.